2013高考英语试题分类小结篇：情态动词与虚拟语气

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　　2013年高考英语试题分类解析

　　情态动词与虚拟语气

　　【2013北京】35. --- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain. --- Well, I don’t know. ItA. might B. need C. would D. should 【答案】A

　　【解析】考查情态动词。第一个人说不会下雨，第二人回答I don’t know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。

　　【2013湖南】32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】C

　　【解析】考查情态动词。根据后文“although he tried to”可知他不能入睡。故答案选C。

　　【2013江西】29.When I was a child, I ______ watch TV whenever I wanted to. A. should B. could C. must D. need 【答案】B

　　【解析】考查情态动词。A项“应该”;B项“能够”;C项“必须”;D项“需要”，根据句意，当我还是孩童的时候，每当我想看电视的时候都能够看。故答案选B。

　　【2013辽宁】31. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night. A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk 【答案】D

　　【解析】考查情态动词。此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。根据句意：Harry感觉不舒服。昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done，故选D。

　　【2013陕西】21. The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

　　A. must have got B. must get C. should have got D. should get 【答案】A

　　【解析】考查情态动词。副词otherwise之前的句子表示推测，之后的句子表示虚拟。句意为：孩子们肯定在树林里迷路了;否则的话，他们就该按计划在湖边的宿营地了。故选A，must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为：过去肯定已经?。

　　【2013四川】5. —Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night. —Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

　　A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t 【答案】A

　　【解析】考查情态动词。根据语境“眼睛那么红，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此处考查情态动词can的否定式can’t表推测，意为“不可能”。can’t have done表示对过去的推测，意为“过去不可能?”。故选A。

　　【2013天津】9. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.

　　A. could B. must C. dare D. need 【答案】A

　　【解析】考查情态动词。译为：不可能有人比他更慷慨;他有一颗善良的心。can’t/ couldn’t表不可能，故答案选A。

　　【2013新课标II卷】6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.

　　A. can B. must C. would D. need 【答案】B

　　【解析】考查情态动词。根据句意，由于没人帮他，因此他定是一个人做的那个调查。情态动词must表肯定推测。故选B。

　　【2013新课标I卷】29.The door open , no matter how hard she pushed. A. shouldn’t B. couldn't C. wouldn't D. mightn't 【答案】C

　　【解析】考查情态动词。此处描述主语the door的特点“老是打不开”，其固有的特性，用情态动词would(will)描述，故选C。

　　【2013浙江】3. I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day. A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed 【答案】D

　　【解析】考查情态动词。此处情态动词否定式couldn’t与比较级more搭配表达最高级的意义;couldn’t此处表推测“不可能”。答案为D。

　　【2013重庆】26. - What are you doing this Saturday? - I’m not sure, but I A. must B. would C. should D. might 【答案】D

　　【解析】考查情态动词。根据“I’m not sure”可知说话者不能确定，因此使用might表示推测，表示“有可能”。

　　【2013安徽】34. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

　　A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 【答案】B

　　【解析】考查情态动词。根据原因状语从句“因为你认识很多单词”可知“在练习中不可能是词汇给你造成了这个问题”，故选B表推测“不可能”。

　　【2013北京】34. If we a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue. A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked 【答案】D

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知if从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态。

　　【2013福建】30. ----Do you think George has passed the driving test? ----No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.

　　A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven 【答案】C

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意，如果这样的话(乔治已经通过驾照考试)，他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过去的虚拟。If so= If he had passed the driving test，主句使用情态动词+ have done。故答案选C。

　　【2013江苏】30. I should not have laughed if I you were serious.

　　A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought 【答案】C

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处为if虚拟条件句，其主句使用的是should have done，可知是对过去的虚拟，故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟。

　　【2013陕西】12. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would 【答案】A

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气，故选A。

　　【2013天津】14. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he able to speak it much better now.

　　A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been 【答案】B

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。此题为if虚拟条件句，从句时间为before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，主句时间为now，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形，答案为B。

　　【2013浙江】8. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ______ at the age of six months old.

　　A. was B. be C. were D. is 【答案】B

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend，表示“推荐，建议”，后接宾语从句时应用(should+)动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了should，故答案为B。

　　【2013重庆】29. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we

　　A. hadn’t B. haven't C. didn't D. don't 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟，if从句使用过去完成时态，故选A。

　　【2013安徽】28. I to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available A. went B. had gone

　　C. would go D. would have gone 【答案】D

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有D答案：用情态动词过去式后加have done表示。

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