第二部分 阅读理解(共25小题;每小题2分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Scout Bassett is often asked if she hopes to have normal legs. Bassett answers, "No. When you lost a leg, it teaches you to appreciate little things - like being able to walk and run."
Born in England, Bassett was left at an orphanage(孤儿院) due to terrible burns. Her right leg was cut off above the knee. She felt hungry all the time. When she was old enough to get around, she was forced to clean floors, feed babies and wash dishes. And she had to do all that with an artificial (人工的) leg that didn't work well.
When she was 7, a family in Michigan adopted her, giving her an improved artificial leg. It was OK for everyday activities, but she couldn't play soccer or basketball.
When she was 14, she got a high-tech leg made for sports. "I remember being terrified because that was my first time," she said. Scout Bassett was waiting nervously for the race to start when the athlete Sarah Reinertsen came up and said, "I've been doing this for a while. Let me help you."
Reinertsen, who lost her leg when she was 7, works with an organization called the Challenged Athletes Foundation to help people like Scout Bassett. She lost that first race, but gained confidence from Reinertsen. Training hard, she improved her strength and skill. She even took up golf and tennis.
Now, living in California, Bassett runs competitively and finds time to share her story with school groups. She said, "Some people think they having nothing in common with me. I want to say everyone has challenges - maybe with homework or friends. No matter what it is, everything you need is inside your heart. Take small steps and you will reach your dream."
41. According to Bassett, losing a leg makes her _____
A. wish to run like normal person
B. lose courage to stand up to walk
C. learn to be thankful for little things
D. dream of developing artificial legs
42. What can we know about Bassett when she stayed in the orphanage?
A. She was treated very badly.
B. She was looked up to by others.
C. She got her first good artificial leg.
D. She was willing to do some homework.
43. When Bassett got her first improved artificial leg, she could
A. take part in sports race
B. do some daily activities
C. play basketball with her family
D. run as competitively as normal people
44. How did Bassett feel after she lost her first race?
A. Content. B. Depressed. C. Worried. D. Confident.
45. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Don't care for others' opinions
B. Take small steps, and you'll succeed
C. Face challenges life gives you and your friends
D. Believe you have nothing in common with others
B
The Camp Invention Program will be held through July at the Hillcrest Intermediate School, North Huntingdon. It exposes children to science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) through hands-on activities.
The Camp Invention Program, created by Invent Now Kids, was founded in 1990. Now it has grown to include almost l,500 sites across the U. S., with thousands of children attending the program each year.
"Our main purpose is to help children develop a greater interest in the fields of STEM," said Lori Bryne, the Senior Regional Program Manager. Children in the camp will be given the opportunity to explore the unknown and put ideas into practice.
The program will challenge children to real world situations that will help them build a team spirit and life skills.
The program will include five modules this year.
One module will feature "Problem Solving on Planet ZAK". It will challenge children by creating a world of science fiction. Imitating a "crash" onto a planet, children will be asked to figure out ways to stay safe, find food and to "rebuild" their spacecraft, using a variety of common objects.
Another module will be "Saving Sludge City" which will have children find ways to create a cleaner and eco-friendly city.
"Imagination Point Ride Physics" asks children to work as interns (实习生) in the world's newest and largest theme park called "Imagination Point". Children will learn the basic principles of motion through hands-on activities related directly to rides.
Another feature of the camp will be the "I Can Invent" which will focus on the real world of inventions by having children explore the process of invention.
The final module will be "Global Games" which will introduce games ranging from those played in ancient times to the present day to children.
"We want to encourage children to go into the fields of STEM," Bryne said. "This program is a fun way to do that."
46. According to the text, the Camp Invention Program_____.
A. has rapidly developed
B. is held every other year
C. was organized by Lori Bryne
D. has been in existence for 24 years
47. The program was mainly created to help children _____
A. put their ideas into practice
B. learn more about the real world
C. develop interest in the fields of STEM
D. master the skills they need to live in society
48. What can we learn about "Problem Solving on Planet ZAK"?
A. It encourages children to write science fiction stories.
B. It introduces many ancient games to children.
C. It asks children to work together to deal with an air crash.
D. It challenges children to build a spacecraft using common objects.
49. Which feature of the camp can make children learn the basic principles of motion?
A. I Can Invent. B. Imagination Point Ride Physics
C. Global Games. D. Saving Sludge City.
50. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The way to encourage children to create things.
B. How the Camp Invention Program was created.
C. Why the Camp Invention is welcomed by children.
D. How the Camp Invention Program encourages children.
C
The cattle egret (黄头鹭) has lived in American continent in recent years. Non-native species are a worldwide problem and studies are devoted to assess the damage they cause to local species populations. The cattle egret primarily lives on the grassland and feeds in close association with animals like cattle and sheep. This bird is native to Africa, southern Europe and western Asia. The cattle egret in Brazil is unlike a number of bird species that have been established and expanded to non-native areas through human assistance.
The first sight of the cattle egret in the New World were reported between 1877 and 1882, followed by sightings in British Guiana and Colombia and later expansion throughout the Americas. In Brazil, the cattle egret was first recorded in the northern region of the country in 1964, feeding along with buffalos on Marajo Island in the state of Para.
While the cattle egret is not currently a threat to native animals and birds in Brazil throughout most of its geographic distribution, it has the potential to produce bad effects, as evidenced by its occupation of island environments. For example, in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, the cattle egret drives adult native seabirds away from their nests in producing time.
Understanding how the cattle egret settled and lived in Brazil is important for the better understanding of spreading patterns of bird populations and their interaction with the local species. Explaining the egret cattle's settling in the Americas is a challenging task due to the lack of sufficient information and reports on entrance time, location, and number of events. Comparisons between native and non-native populations can provide a 'natural' experimental way to clarify the biological and environmental factors that may contribute to range expansion and adaptation to climate change, and to find how animals respond to strange and sudden ecological and environmental pressures.
51. According to Paragraph l, which of the following is true?
A. Like most birds, the cattle egret lives on worms.
B. With human help, the population of cattle egret is large.
C. The cattle egret may do harm to native species.
D. The cattle egret often plays and sings on trees.
52. In America, humans first found the cattle egret ______
A. in the 1870s. B. in Colombia
C. in British Guiana D. in the 1960s
53. Why does the writer refer to native seabirds in Paragraph 3?
A. To prove the cattle egret caused a disaster to native birds.
B. To warn people of the population of the cattle egret
C. To tell people the cattle egret will do damage to native birds.
D. The native seabird attracted the cattle egret to the new world.
54. The research on the American cattle egret
A. must be meaningless to other animals.
B. will mainly take place in the laboratory.
C. should be very easy due to the existing fact.
D. can help discover how animals adapt to the environment.
55. The text is likely to be selected from a column about
A. society B. nature C. geography D. history
D
"It hurts me more than you," and "This is for your own good." These are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy to us. They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.
Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we've made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students - "so passive" - and wonders what happened. Nothing was demanded of them, she believes. "Television," says Klompus, "contributes to children's passivity. We're not training kids to work any more. We're talking about a generation of kids who've never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying 'go look it up', you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid."
Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It's time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It's time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it's for their own good. It's time to start telling them "no" again.
56. We learn from the text that the author's mother used to lay emphasis on ______.
A. learning Latin B. order and rule
C. individual work D. school education
57. By "permissive period in education" the author means a time
A. when every child can be educated
B. when everything can be taught at school
C. when children are permitted to receive education
D. when children are allowed to do what they wish to
58. Why are children becoming more inactive in study?
A. Because teachers are too strict with them.
B. Because they have to perform too many duties.
C. Because they have done too much homework.
D. Because they spend too much time watching TV.
59. To such children as described in the text_____.
A. it is easier to say yes than to say no
B. it is easier to say no than to say yes
C. neither is easy-to say yes or to say no
D. neither is difficult-to say yes or to say no
60. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Parents should leave their children alone.
B. Kids should have more activities at school.
C. It's time for parents to be stricter with their kids.
D. Parents should always set a good example to their kids.
E
Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word radiation.
Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no levels of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated (辐射 ) and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents. Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.
61. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in
A. nuclear mystery B. nuclear radiation
C. radiation level D. radiation detection
62. Which of the following statements is true of nuclear radiation?
A. It can do harm to human beings.
B. It can be detected by human senses.
C. It is just like common radio waves.
D. It cannot do harm to human beings.
63. How can nuclear radiation kill an animal?
A. By damaging its heart.
B. By killing a few cells.
C. By hitting any place in its body.
D. By killing many cells in important organs.
64. Why does nuclear radiation have a certain mystery?
A. Because human beings learn its harmfulness.
B. Because nuclear radiation can kill a person very easily.
C. Because it can do harm to a person while he doesn't know.
D. Because human beings have no effective machine to detect nuclear radiation
65. Which of the following can be best inferred from the text?
A. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.
B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.
C. Radiation can hurt those who are not aware of its danger.
D. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized.
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