牛津大学是英语世界中最古老的大学，目前在QS大学排名中位居世界第六位，英国第二位。下面是出国留学网为大家整理并翻译的牛津大学基本概况，供参考。
At a glance
Oxford was ranked first in the world in the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings 2016-2017.
There are over 23,000 students at Oxford, including 11,728 undergraduates and 10,941 postgraduates.
Oxford is very competitive: around 18,300 people applied for around 3,200 undergraduate places for entry in 2015. That means that Oxford receives, on average, around five applications for each available place.
The majority of Oxford’s UK undergraduates come from state schools. The latest figures show that, of places offered to British students attending schools or colleges in the UK, 59.2% of undergraduate places went to students from the state sector.
Oxford offers more than 300 different graduate degree programmes. 5% of all the UK’s graduate research students are studying at Oxford University.
42% of our total student body - almost 9,900 students - are citizens of foreign countries. Students come to Oxford from over 140 countries and territories.
According to the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, the official UK-wide assessment of all university research, Oxford has the largest volume of world-leading research in the country.
The University, including the colleges and Oxford University Press, is the largest employer in Oxfordshire, supporting around 17,000 jobs and injecting more than £750 million annually into the regional economy.
牛津大学的简介
牛津大学在2016-2017年《泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名》中排名第一位。
牛津大学有2万3千多名学生，其中本科生11728人，研究生10941人。
牛津大学的入学竞争十分激烈：在2015年，大约1万8千3百人申请3千2百本科名额。这意味着，牛津大学每个名额平均收到大约五份申请。
在牛津大学的国内本科生中，大部分都来自公立学校。最新数据显示，在为就读于英国高中或学院的英国学生提供的名额中，59.2%的本科生名额提供给了公立学校学生。
牛津大学在研究生阶段提供三百多门学位课程。在英国研究型研究生中，5%的学生正在牛津大学学习。
在我们总的学生群体中，42%(将近9千9百人)学生为外国学生。这些学生来自140多个国家和地区。
根据英国官方大学研究评估《研究优秀框架》2014年报告，牛津大学的世界领先的研究所占比重在英国最高。
牛津大学——包括各个学院和牛津大学出版社在内——是牛津郡最大的雇主，提供将近1万7千分工作，每年为当地经济注入的资金超过7.5亿英镑。
牛津大学的历史
牛津大学是英语国家中最古老的大学。在12世纪之前，英国是没有大学的，人们都是去法
国和其它欧陆国家求学。1167年，当时的英格兰国王同法兰西国王发生争吵，英王一气之下，把寄读于巴黎大学的英国学者召回，禁止他们再去巴黎大学。另一说法是，法王一气之下，把英国学者从巴黎大学赶回英国。不管如何，这些学者从巴黎回国，聚集于牛津，从事经院哲学的教学与研究。于是人们开始把牛津作为一个“总学”，这实际上就是牛津大学的前身。学者们之所以会聚集在牛津，是由于当时亨利二世把他的一个宫殿建在牛津，学者们为取得国王的保护，就来到了这里。12世纪末，牛津被称为“师生大学”。1201年，它有了第一位校长。1213年，该校从罗马教皇的使节那里得到第一张特许状。
正是在中世纪，那些思想活跃、生活不羁、常赊欠债务的青年学生，不可避免地与当地居民发生冲突。剑桥大学的创办也是13世纪初。其中最大的一次冲突，几百名学生被乱箭射死。这件事的结果是国王出面镇压，并判市民赔偿牛津大学500年费用。构成牛津大学的学院有许多在13至16世纪之间创立，基督教会学院是1525年渥西枢机主教创建，作为培训主教的教会学院。汤姆方园里的塔楼上半部是列恩在1682年建造，为本市最大型塔楼。1648年汤姆大钟挂上时，学院共有101名学生，因此在晚上9：05分(牛津的时间比格林威治慢5分钟)大钟敲101下，提醒学生注意宵禁(1963年起不再实施)。
Colleges accepting undergraduate students
Balliol College
Balliol is one of the oldest and largest colleges. In the 19th century it led the University reforms that resulted in the selection of students solely on academic ability.
Our dynamic student community is drawn from a broad spectrum of schools within the UK, and also from elsewhere in the EU and overseas.
Brasenose College
Brasenose is a friendly and diverse community, with a strong tradition of academic excellence. Situated in the beautiful setting of Radcliffe Square, we are at the very heart of the University and the city.
Brasenose College is the only undergraduate college on Radcliffe Square, near to the main University libraries, lecture theatres and other buildings, but also right next to the bustling High Street. We also have accommodation at the Frewin Hall complex, which is a five minutes’ walk from the main site and also in the centre of the city.
牛津大学的学院
贝利奥尔学院
贝利奥尔学院是牛津最古老且规模最大的学院之一。在19世纪，贝利奥尔学院领导大学进行改革，从此牛津之依据学术能力选拔学生。
学院动态而富有活力的学生群体来自英国国内的许多中学，也有来自其他欧盟国家和欧盟以外国家的学生。
布雷齐诺斯学院
布雷齐诺斯学院是一个友好而多样化的社区，在学术优秀方面有强有力的传统。学院以美丽的拉德克利夫广场作为背景，处于牛津大学和牛津市的中心地带。
布雷齐诺斯学院是牛津唯一一个位于拉德克利夫广场的本科学院，临近主要的大学图书馆、阶梯教室和其他建筑，也临近熙熙攘攘的高街。此外，我们在Frewin Hall 有宿舍，那里距离主校区只需五分钟路程，并且也位于牛津市中心。
Christ Church
Many different kinds of people, from various backgrounds, come to Christ Church. We are one of the larger colleges and can offer places for most undergraduate courses. The result is a diverse, vibrant and active academic community.
Christ Church is on St Aldate’s, close to the Bodleian Library and other University facilities, and next to Christ Church Meadow with its peaceful river walks.
Corpus Christi College
Boasting a strong sense of community and a friendly atmosphere, Corpus Christi is one of Oxford’s older and smaller colleges. It prides itself on the diversity of its students’ backgrounds, with a strong tradition of openness, tolerance and fairness. All this helps to make the college very well integrated and supportive.
Corpus is 5 minutes’ walk from the city centre and Bodleian Library, and only 10 minutes from the arts faculties and science laboratories, but is tucked away from the noise of the city, looking out over Christ Church Meadow towards the river.
基督教堂
许多不同类型、来自不同背景的人们都来基督教堂。这里是牛津大学规模较大的学院之一，能够为大多数本科生课程提供空间。因此这里也是一个多样化、富有活力和积极性的学术社区。
基督教堂位于St Aldate，临近博德利图书馆和牛津大学的其他设施，临近基督堂大草坪，有美丽的河边走道。
基督圣体学院
基督圣体学院强烈的社区意识和友好的氛围，是牛津较为古老的规模较小的学院之一。让学院引以为豪的是其学生来自各种不同的背景，在开放、宽容和公平方面有牢固的传统。所有这些都使得学院成为一个非常综合而支持性的学院。
基督圣体学院距离市中心和博德利图书馆只需五分钟路程，到文科学院和科学实验室也仅需十分钟时间。即便如此，这里也没有城市的喧嚣，仍可以看到临着河岸的基督堂大草坪。
Exeter College
Exeter, Oxford’s fourth-oldest college, has a close – but not claustrophobic – community, and there is a caring atmosphere where people look out for others.
Uniquely, the college has its own careers advice office which offers internships with employers.
Exeter is in the centre of Oxford, close to the main libraries, lecture theatres and departments (as well as to shops and pubs).
Harris Manchester College
Harris Manchester is the only Oxford college which is dedicated solely to mature students (21+ with no upper age limit). Most students are between 21 and 30 years of age. It has a warm and friendly atmosphere, with a great deal of peer support.
The college has a number of scholarships for second undergraduate degrees, up to £18,500 in total, which are awarded on merit. All second BA applicants are automatically considered.
Harris Manchester is centrally situated in a quiet location on Mansfield Road, just a few minutes away from the Bodleian Library, most faculty libraries, the Science Area and other University facilities.
埃克塞特学院
埃克塞特学院是牛津大学第四古老的学院，紧凑而不幽闭。相反，这里氛围友善，人们互相关心。埃克塞特学院有自己的就业服务办公室，为学生提供与雇主联系实习的机会。
埃克塞特学院位于牛津大学的中心，临近主要的几个图书馆、阶梯教室和部门，附近也有商店和小旅馆。
哈里斯·曼彻斯特学院
哈里斯·曼彻斯特学院是牛津大学仅有的专门提供给成人学生(21岁以上)的学院。学院的大部分学生年龄都在21岁到30岁之间，有温馨而友善的氛围，有大量的同龄人支持。
哈里斯·曼彻斯特学院有针对本科第二学位的许许多多的奖学金，总金额高达18500英镑，根据优点颁发。所有申请第二文学士的学生都会自动被考虑。
学院位于曼斯菲尔德路安静的角落，距离博德利图书馆、大多数学院设施、科学区和大学其他设施只有几分钟路程。
Hertford College
Hertford is known for its friendly atmosphere, welcoming students wherever they come from: you don’t have to be any particular type to fit in. We value our informal, progressive climate, which we believe fosters good, positive working relationships between tutors and students.
Hertford is in quiet Catte Street, opposite the Bodleian Library and right in the city centre.
Jesus College
At the heart of the city, Jesus College is known as one of the friendliest of Oxford’s colleges. Our students can enjoy the best possible education regardless of their background, with Access bursaries for those in financial need.
The college has always had Welsh connections, though our students now come from all over the UK and abroad.
Jesus College is in Turl Street in central Oxford, close to the main libraries and within easy walking distance of the Science Area, shops, cinemas and theatres.
赫特福德学院
赫特福德学院以友好的氛围著称，欢迎来自各个地方的学生：无论你是什么类型，学院有可能会接受你。我们重视我们的这种无拘无束的进步的氛围，我们相信这样的环境有助于在师生之间建立起良好、积极的工作上的联系。
赫特福德学院位于安静的 卡泰街，也在市中心，对面即是博德利图书馆。
耶稣学院
耶稣学院位于牛津市中心，是牛津最有好的学院之一。我们的学生无论出于何种背景，都可以享受可能的最好的教育。我们有为经济困难的学生提供的助学金。耶稣学院一直以来都招收威尔士学生，当时，我们现在的学生来自英国各个地区和海外。
耶稣学院位于市中心的特尔街，临近主要的图书馆，离科学区、商店影院和剧院也不远。
Keble College
Keble College was established to extend access to Oxford University, and it remains true to that founding vision. The college’s central aim is to foster the highest academic achievement for all its students, from all backgrounds and every corner of the globe. We strive to provide a supportive environment in pursuit of this aim.
The college is adjacent to the University Parks, between the Science Area and the new Radcliffe Observatory Quarter. The main libraries are close by and the city centre is 5 minutes’ walk away.
Lady Margaret Hall
Our students enjoy all the benefits of a traditional Oxford education within a warm, open and informal environment. We have almost equal numbers of men and women among our tutors, our undergraduates and our graduates.
We are beside the University Parks, a 5-minute walk to the Science Area and about 15 minutes on foot (5 minutes by bicycle) from the city centre.
基布尔学院
基布尔学院的成立是为了适应牛津大学扩招的需要，它始终符合这一初衷。基布尔学院的核心目标是为所有来自不同背景和不同角落的学生提供最高水平的学术教育。在追逐这一目标的过程中，我们努力提供支持性的环境。
基布尔学院毗邻大学公园，坐落在科学区和新建的拉德克利夫观测区之间。主要的图书馆就在附近，距离市中心只有五分钟路程。
玛格莉特夫人学堂
我们的学生可以享受到传统的牛津大学教育应有的所有福利，这里的环境温馨、开放，无拘无束。在我们的教师、本科生和研究生中间，我们的男女人数几乎同等。
玛格莉特夫人学堂位于大学公园附近，距离科学区只需五分钟路程，走到到市中心只需十五分钟，骑车只需五分钟。
Lincoln College
Lincoln, one of the smaller undergraduate colleges in Oxford, combines intimacy with a strong academic tradition. Its strength is the personal relationship between tutors and students built by the tutorial system. There is also a genuine atmosphere of good humour, hard work and mutual support.
Lincoln is in the city centre, on Turl Street between the High Street and Broad Street. The college was founded in the 15th century and the main site retains its medieval character. Lincoln has also converted other properties nearby for accommodation and teaching.
Magdalen College
Magdalen (pronounced ‘Maudlen’) has some of the most beautiful buildings in Oxford, new as well as ancient. It is set in 100 acres of grounds which include the Deer Park and Addison’s riverside walk. Magdalen’s spaciousness has helped to determine its character – diversified, informal and without pressure to conform to any stereotype or set of views. Students are represented on the key committees which run the college. The atmosphere is relaxed, but with unambiguous ambitions towards academic and extra-curricular success.
林肯学院
林肯学院是牛津规模较小的本科生学院之一，紧密的人际在这里和强有力的学术传统结合。学院的优势在于通过导师制，老师和学生之间存在个人化的关系。此外，这里的人们都愉快的心情，都辛勤工作，互相帮助。
林肯学院位于市中心的特尔街，两边分别是高街和宽街。林肯学院成立于15世纪，主要建筑保持了中世纪的模样。此外，学院附近的一些楼房也经过改造，成为了学院的宿舍和教学楼。
莫德林学院
莫德林学院是牛津大学最美丽建筑之一，新和古在这里得到了结合。莫德林学院占地100英亩，内含鹿园和阿迪森河滨步道。学院的宽敞对其特点的行程起了一定的决定作用：这里多样化，随意轻松，不拘一格，不屈从于任何陈规或成见。
学院有核心委员会代表学生的利益，并负责经理学院。这里的气氛是轻松的，当然，在学术成功和课外活动成功方面，我们也毫不含糊。
Mansfield College
Mansfield is one of the smaller colleges, and we provide a supportive environment in which our students can excel academically.
Throughout its history Mansfield has worked hard to make an Oxford education available to previously under-represented groups. Our proportion of students from the state sector is the highest among Oxford colleges. Mansfield runs a programme of visits and outreach activities with schools in parts of Greater London and Yorkshire, and also holds events for prospective candidates from colleges of further education and sixth form colleges.
Merton College
Merton is one of the oldest and most beautiful colleges in Oxford with medieval and 17th-century buildings and a fine garden protected by the city wall. Merton has a strong sense of community with a lively and stimulating atmosphere. As with other colleges, we have a strong ethos of widening participation and are keen to attract talented applicants, whatever their background.
Merton overlooks meadows stretching down to the River Thames, yet it is in a quiet cobbled street just off the High Street, close to the University libraries, lecture rooms and departments. The Holywell Street annexe is within a few minutes of the Science Area.
曼斯菲尔德学院
曼斯菲尔德学院是牛津大学规模较小的学院之一，这里有支持性的环境，我们的学生在这里可以实现学术上的超越。
在其整个历史中，曼斯菲尔德学院始终努力让牛津教育惠及先前未被充分代表的学生。我们的国营部分学生比例在牛津大学各个学院中是最高的。我们在大伦敦和约克郡的各个学校进行有参观计划和服务活动。此外，我们有为来自继续教育学院和六年级公学的潜在候选人提供的活动。
墨顿学院
墨顿学院是牛津大学最古老、最优美的学院之一，这里有中世纪风格的和17世纪的建筑，有一个被城墙保护的优美的花园。墨顿学院有很强烈的群体感，有生动活泼而激励的氛围。和其他学院一样，我们非常注重扩大参与，热衷于吸引来自不同背景的有才能的学生。
墨顿学院下方就是一片延伸至泰晤士河的草坪，不过它不在高街，而位于高街附近的铺有鹅卵石的小街。这里比较安静，临近大学图书馆、演讲室和各个部门。霍利韦尔街附属建筑就在科学区几分钟路程的范围之内。
New College
New College is one of the largest, most famous and architecturally striking colleges, with beautiful large gardens, excellent facilities and a variety of modern and old buildings. The college has a distinguished musical tradition: our choir is world famous and our musical life is richly diverse (from 14th-century choral music to 21st-century jazz). The atmosphere in college is relaxed, friendly and open, and we are proud of our actively engaged and diverse student body.
The New College site is both quiet and central, close to many faculties, departments and libraries as well as shops, cinemas, cafés and clubs.
Oriel College
Oriel is an inclusive and high-achieving academic community with a friendly atmosphere. We value diversity and encourage applications from potential students of all backgrounds. We also recognise the financial needs of students today and offer bursaries, prizes for academic achievement, generous travel grants and access to hardship funds
Oriel’s main entrance is on beautiful Oriel Square in the city centre, just off the High Street. Shops, the Bodleian Library, University departments and the railway/bus stations are only a short walk away.
新学院
新学院是牛津大学规模最大、最著名，在建筑方面最引人注目的学院之一。学院有美丽的大型花园，有优质的设施以及各种现代和古老兼具的建筑。新学院有接触的音乐传统：我们的合唱队世界闻名，我们的音乐生活极为丰富多彩(从14世纪的合唱音乐到21世纪的爵士乐这里都有)。学院的氛围是轻松、友好而开放的。我们有引以为豪的积极参与而多样化的学生群体。
新学院处在安静而中间的位置，附近有许多设施、部门和图书馆，商店、影院、咖啡馆和俱乐部也不远。
奥里尔学院
奥里尔学院是一个包容性很强、学术成就很高的学院，有友好的氛围。我们注重多样化，鼓励各种背景的潜能生申请。此外，我们认可学生的经济需求，提供补助金、学术成绩奖、丰厚旅费补助和困难补助。
奥里尔学院的正门就在奥里尔广场上，位于市中心，临近高街。距离商店、博德利图书馆、大学部门、火车站和汽车站都不远。
Pembroke College
Pembroke is a lively, inclusive and supportive academic community, with a commitment to excellence. Our strong interdisciplinary ethos and collaborative environment encourages undergraduates, graduates and academic staff to work together and enables Pembroke students to enhance their studies with a broader outlook on the world. We support each other as individuals and members of a close-knit community and also offer extensive welfare provision.
Pembroke is conveniently located in the city centre, off St Aldate’s.
The Queen's College
The community at Queen’s is diverse, drawn from every part of the UK, elsewhere in the EU and the wider world. Applications are encouraged from anyone who possesses a love of their chosen subject, the desire to take it further and strong academic potential. Our community is fused early on by the fact that the majority of first years live together, and the college enjoys open and engaged relations between tutors and students as well as supporting an active graduate community. All this is on a beautiful and central site, which has been gradually modernised over the years.
Queen’s stands prominently on the High Street, a few minutes’ walk from the Bodleian Library, the University’s Science Area, Christ Church Meadow and the city centre. Buses to London leave from outside the front gates.
彭布罗克学院
彭布罗克学院是一个生动活泼、包容性强的支持性的学术社区，已优秀为己任。我们强有力的跨学科思维和注重合作的环境鼓励本科生、研究生和学术人员一起工作，确保彭布罗克学生提升学业，具备更广泛的世界视野。在这里，我们作为个人和紧密联系的社区成员而互相支持，并提供大量的福利支持。
彭布罗克学院位于市区，临近St Aldate，交通便利。
王后学院
王后学院是一个多样化的社区，有来自英国各个地区、欧盟和其他国家的学生。学院鼓励学生申请，只要你热爱选定的专业，渴望进一步学习，具备优秀的学术潜力，你都可以申请。我们的社区很早就已融合一体，因为大部分大一学生都生活在一起，老师和学生之间的关系开放，紧密。此外，学院还支持积极的研究生社区。所有这一切都发生在美丽而处于中间位置的校园之上，而随着时间流逝，这里逐渐被现代化。
往后学院处在高街显眼的位置，距离博德利图书馆、牛津大学科学区、基督教堂和市中心只有几分钟路程。通往伦敦的巴士就从前门外侧通过。
Regent's Park College
Regent’s Park College specialises in the arts, humanities and social sciences. Our beautiful quad offers a retreat from the bustle of the city but also puts you just minutes from everything you will need.
Regent’s is very close to the city centre and the University libraries and amenities.
Trinity College
Trinity is a medium-sized college which occupies a beautiful, spacious site in the city centre. Relationships between students and tutors are open and friendly.
Trinity is in the very centre of Oxford: the Bodleian Library is just a few metres from our main entrance on Broad Street, while the main Science Area is less than 5 minutes’ walk from our back gate on Parks Road.
瑞金公园学院
瑞金公园学院专攻艺术、人文和社会科学。这里美丽的四方院子可以让学生避开市区的喧嚣，同时仅需几分钟路程你就可以够得着你需要的一切。
瑞金公园学院距离市中心很近，离大学图书馆和其他便利设施也很近。
三一学院
三一学院规模中等，美丽，宽敞，坐落在在市中心。这里的师生关系是开放而友好的。
三一学院恰好在牛津大学的中心地带：博德利图书馆距离宽街正门只有几米远，而主要的科学区距离我们的公园路后门不到五分钟路程。
Famous Oxonians
Gifted men and women have studied or taught at the University throughout its history. Among them are 27 British Prime Ministers, at least 30 international leaders, 50 Nobel Prize winners, and 120 Olympic medal winners.
牛津大学的著名校友
在牛津大学的历史中，许多有才能的男性和女性都曾在牛津学习过或教过书。这其中，英国首相有27人，国际领袖至少30人，诺贝尔奖得主50人，奥运奖牌得主120人。
20th and 21st Centuries20
Tony Abbott, former Prime Minister of Australia
HM King Abdullah II of Jordan
Sir Grantley Adams, former Premier of Barbados and Prime Minister of the West Indies
J M G (Tom) Adams, former Prime Minister of Barbados
Diran Adebayo, author
Samira Ahmed, journalist and presenter
Monica Ali, author
Tariq Ali, writer
Elizabeth Anscombe, philosopher
W H Auden, poet
Clement Attlee, former British Prime Minister
Zeinab Badawi, journalist and broadcaster
Solomon Bandaranaike, former Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
Sir Roger Bannister, neurologist and athlete
Kate Barker, economist
Dame Josephine Barnes, first female President of the British Medical Association
Gertrude Bell, explorer and archaeologist
Tony Benn, politician
Alan Bennett, playwright
Sir Lennox Berkeley, composer
Sir Isaiah Berlin, philosopher
Sir Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web
Sir John Betjeman, poet
Benazir Bhutto, former Prime Minister of Pakistan
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, former President and Prime Minister of Pakistan
Tony Blair, former British Prime Minister
Baruch S Blumberg, Nobel Prize-winning scientist
Henry Bonsu, journalist and broadcaster
Dr Ian Bostridge, opera singer
Sir Adrian Boult, conductor
William Boyd, author
Lord (Melvyn) Bragg, broadcaster
Katy Brand, comedian and actor
Justice Stephen Breyer, Associate Justice, Supreme Court of the United States
Vera Brittain, writer
Fiona Bruce, broadcaster
20世纪和21世纪牛津大学著名校友
托尼·阿博特，澳大利亚前任总理
HM，约旦国王阿布杜拉二世
格兰特里-亚当斯爵士，巴巴多斯前任总理兼西印度群岛总理。
汤姆亚当斯，巴巴多斯前任总理
Diran Adebayo，作家
萨米拉 艾哈迈德 贾西姆，记者、主持人
莫妮卡·阿里，作家
塔利克·阿里，作家
伊丽莎白安斯康姆，哲学家
H奥登，诗人
克莱门特·艾德礼，英国前任首相
詹纳布· 巴达维，记者、播音员
所罗门班达拉奈克，斯里兰卡前任总理
罗杰·班尼斯特爵士，神经学家。运动员
凯特·巴克，经济学家
约瑟芬巴恩斯爵士，英国医学会首任女主席
格特鲁 德·贝尔，探险者、考古学家
托尼·本恩，政治家
阿兰·本奈特，剧作家
伦诺克斯·伯克利，作曲家
以赛亚·伯林爵士，哲学家
蒂姆·伯纳斯爵士，万维网发明者
约翰·贝杰曼爵士，诗人
贝娜齐尔·布托，巴基斯坦前任总理
佐勒菲卡尔·阿里·布托，巴基斯坦前任总统兼首相
托尼·布莱尔，英国前任首相
巴鲁克·布伦博格，诺贝尔奖得主，科学家
亨利邦苏，记者、播音员
伊恩-波斯特里奇，歌剧演唱家
安德里安·鲍尔特，管理人
威廉‧博伊德，作家
布拉格公爵，播音员
凯蒂·布兰德，喜剧演员、演员
斯蒂芬·布雷耶，美国最高法院助理法官
维拉·布里顿，作家
菲奥娜·布鲁斯，播音员
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