事实信息题属于托福阅读中较为常见的题目类型。需要考生根据文中明确出现的事实、细节等信息通过排除干扰答案选择与原文表述相符的正确选项。事实信息题是托福官方指南中介绍的第一种题目类型，因此也是最具有代表性、最能反应托福阅读考查本质的题目。这种题型考察的是考生提取、筛选信息的实际应用能力。那么，什么是事实信息题呢? 首先要了解它的问法。
一、提问方式
1. According to paragraph 3 ,Xhas which of the following consequences for Y?
2. According to paragraph 1,which of the following is true of X of Y?
3. According to paragraph 2,which of the following led to the appearance of X?
4. According to the passage,what is true of ____?
5. Paragraph 2 supports whichof the following ideas about X?
6. According to thepassage,X________?
根据题目问法，我们将事实信息题分为两类。对于前三种问法，属于第一种题目，即题干中包含能有效定位的细节信息，解法如下。
二、解题步骤(题干种包含有效定位的细节信息)
• 阅读题干，在题干中找key words .
• 利用key words 回原文中定位key sentence.
• 回选项中找key sentence 的同意转述句即为答案。
※要注意的是正确答案的大多是文章中的某一句或两句话的同意转述，即定位是关键。
三、例题解析
TPO2-2 Paragraph 3: Even in the areas that retain a soil cover, thereduction of vegetation typically results in the loss of the soil's ability toabsorb substantial quantities of water. The impact of raindrops on the loosesoil tends to transfer fine clay particles into the tiniest soil spaces,sealing them and producing a surface that allows very little water penetration.Water absorption is greatly reduced; consequently runoff is increased,resulting in accelerated erosion rates. The gradual drying of the soil...