GRE写作分类

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　　GRE写作Argument 模板+错误分类

　　调查

　　1. Selective sample:样本选择，一部分被排除在外

　　One major problem is about the sample the author studied in the survey. the author considers only...(selective sub-groups) although (the sub-groups the author studied) do constitute a significant part of (the whole general population), however, (many other sub-groups) are actually excluded from the survey. Perhaps...or...without ruling out all the possibilities above, the author could not make any general conclusion about...merely based on (selective sub-groups).

　　4，14，16，45，63，65，67，80，84，88，90，97，123，146，154，156，168，179，185，193，196，207，227，231，232，236，238，239

　　2. Quantity of the sample样本数量

　　( pointing out that the current sample is too small in its size)(the fact cited by the author) could hardly illustrate the assumption that... because the author provides only N samples of (the general population),however, (the limited sample) might not be representative of the whole general group. thus we cannot accept the author’s conclusion that...before he/she could provide more statistic data about (the situation of other sub-groups).

　　10，14，33，40，53，69，95，115，123，132，139，150，154，158，167，179，180，188，191，239

　　3. Do the statistics make any difference:调查只调查了部分情况，忽略了一部分

...

第一段：开头段。主要是归纳论点，说明论点有问题，存在逻辑漏洞，准备发起进攻。

第一层：

This argument concludes/recommends/argues that…

第二层：

To support this conclusion the writer cites…/points out that…

第三层：

However, this argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unconvincing/ unpersuasive as it stands.

第二段和第三段甚至第四段：分类别去攻击各个逻辑错误。(以因果关系类错误为例)

One problem with the argument is that, the editorial observes a correlation between… and …, then concludes that the former is the cause of the latter. However, the editorial fails to rule out other possible explanations for…For example,… Any of these factors, or other social, political or economic factors, might lead to…Without ruling out all other such factors it is unfair to conclude that…

第五段：结尾段。

作者的结论似乎是合理的，但是通过论证，不是这样的。因此作者在做出决定之前，应该还要考虑其他情况。我们通过一篇文章作为实例来介绍Argument的论证步骤和论证方法以及文章结构。

In the final analysis, the letter's author fails to adequately support the recommendation that…To bolster the argument, the arguer must provide detailed demographic/statistical evidence showing that…The author must also provide evidence--perhaps by way of a reliable survey—that…