在美国留学，到医院就诊或是到药店买药时，与医生和服务人员用英语交流是必然的事情。在这个特定场景下，掌握的相关的专业术语越多，沟通起来会越容易，并且对治疗病痛有积极的效果。现在出国留学网就将一些普遍病症和专业术语所对应的英语总结出来，供大家参考。同时，也希望给大家起到抛砖引玉的作用。当你们遇到了其它状况时，可以在去医院药店之前，做一个相应的词汇准备，有备而去。
◇ 预约医生
在美国看病的话，需要事先预约，相关的语句和短语如下：
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 我想本周约见大夫。 | I’d like to make an appointment to see the doctor this week. |
| 今天上午我可以看病吗？ | I wonder if I could come to see the doctor this morning? |
| 医生周一和周二都已经被预约满了，星期四也没有时间了。 | The doctor is fully booked on Monday and Tuesday and he is also occupied on Thursday. |
| 医生有空吗？ | Is the doctor available? |
| 能把诊断的时间安排得尽量早一些好吗？ | Would you schedule the diagnosis as early as possible？ |
| 我们定在明天早上10点吧。 | Let’s make it 10:00 tomorrow morning. |
| 对不起，我不得不取消今天上午和医生的预约。 | I’m sorry I’ll have to cancel the appointment I made with the doctor this morning. |
| 你能帮我重新安排会诊时间吗？ | Could you please reschedule the consultation for me? |
◇ 病症描述用语
* 描述感冒症状的英语
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 我有点儿感冒。/我得了重感冒。 | I have a slight cold. / I have a bad cold. |
| 我浑身发冷。/我有点儿发烧。 /我在发高烧。 | I feel chilly/ shivery. / I have a bit of a fever./ I have a high temperature. |
| 我的鼻子堵了。/我在流鼻涕。/我一直在打喷嚏。 | I have a stuffy nose. / I have a runny nose. / I have been sneezing. |
| 我想吐。 | I feel sick. / I feel like throwing up/vomiting. |
| 我常常咳嗽。/我不停地咳嗽。 /我一阵阵咳嗽，很难控制。/我晚上咳的厉害。/我干咳。 | I have a hacking cough．/ I have a persistent cough. / I have bouts of uncontrollable coughing. / I cough a great deal/have a bad cough at night. / I have a dry cough. |
| 我嗓子哑。 | I have hoarse voice / a scratchy throat. |
* 描述身体不舒服的常用语
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 我不舒服，生病了。 | I'm not feeling well. / I'm feeling very bad. / I am under the weather. / I don't feel myself. |
| 我的胃不舒服已经有两星期了。 | Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. |
| 我这段时间感到虚弱。 | I have been lacking in energy for some time. |
| 我感到反常的疲倦。/我感觉烦躁。 | I feel unusually tired. / I feel irritated. |
| 我觉得头晕。 | I feel light-headed. |
| 我的症状是没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦。 | My symptoms are loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue. |
| 我觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕并且想吐。 | I feel drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. |
| 我感到很闷，透不过气。 | I have a feeling of tightness in the chest. |
| 我拉肚子。 | I have diarrhea. / I am having trouble with diarrhea. |
| 我的脚崴了。 | I sprained my ankle. / I twisted my ankle. |
| 她昏过去了。 | She passed out. |
* 描述疼痛及其程度的表达方式
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 我头疼。 | My head is pounding. / My head aches. |
| 我的头像裂了似地疼。 | I have a splitting headache. |
| 我最近耳朵疼。 | I have had some earaches lately. |
| 我嗓子疼。 | I have a sore throat. |
| 我肩膀酸痛。 | I have stiff shoulders. |
| 我胃疼。 | I have a stomachache. / My stomach hurts. |
| 我骨头和关节疼。 | I have aching bones and joints. |
| 我背部有一处疼痛。 | I have a pain in the small of my back. |
| 我脊椎的某个部位疼痛。 | I have a sharp pain in one area of my spine. |
| 隐隐作痛 | I have a dull pain. |
| 钻心地疼 | I have a sharp pain. |
| 一跳一跳地疼 | I have a throbbing pain. |
| 我感到巨痛。 | I have a piercing pain. |
| 像针扎似地疼 | I have a stabbing pain. |
* 描述听力和视力有问题的用语
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 我发现我的听力有些差。 | I have noticed some loss of hearing. |
| 我耳朵有嗡嗡的声音。 | I have a repeated buzzing or other noises in my ears. |
| 我眼睛周围又痛又痒。 | I have some pains and itching around eyes. |
| 我的眼睛肿胀。 | My eyes are bulging. |
| 我的视线有重影。 | I have double vision. |
| 我觉得眼前有层薄膜档着。 | I feel there is a film over my eyes. |
* 病人在咨询病情时的英语常用语
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 是什么病呢/病情会变得更糟糕吗？ | What could it be? / Will it get worse? |
| 可能是什么原因呢？ | What could be the cause? |
| 我该做些什么？ | What shall(should) I do? |
| 我需要住院吗？ | Should I stay in the hospital? |
| 我需要做手术吗？ | Do I need an operation? / Will surgery be necessary? |
| 有没有办法缓解这种疼痛呢？ | Can anything be done for the pain? |
| 能治好么？/它能自然痊愈吗？ /痊愈需要的时间长吗？ | Can it be cured? / Will it go away by itself? / Will it take long to recover? |
| 能下地活动或是做些运动吗？ | Is it right to move around or do some exercises? |
| 我什么时候再来复诊？ | When shall I come back? |
| 这病会复发吗？ | Will there be a recurrence? |
| 这病传染吗？ | Is it contagious? |
| 我不喜欢打针，能吃些口服药吗？ | I hate injections, Can I take the medicine orally? |
| 这药有副作用吗？ | Does this medicine have any side-effects? |
| 我需要吃特别的饮食吗？ | Should I have a special diet? |
| 听从你的意见 | Whatever you say. |
* 医生在检查病情时常说的话
| 中 文 | 英 文 |
| 请吸气。 | Take a breath, please. |
| 指给我看看哪儿痛。 | Show me where it hurts. |
| 吃了什么不对劲的东西没有? | Did you eat something unusual? |
| 我给你量一下血压。 | Let me check your blood pressure. |
| 去验验血。 | Go and have your blood tested. |
| 去做个胸部透视。 | Go and have your chest X-rayed. |
| 你需要打一针。 | You need an injection. |
| 你需要马上做手术。 | You’ll have to be operated at once. / You’ll have an immediate operation. |
| 你在定期服药吗? | Are you taking any medication regularly? |
| 你必须静养。 | You must stay in bed. |
◇ 医院中英文常用语对照表
| 医 院 科 室 | ||||
| 急诊室 | Emergency Room | 药房 | Pharmacy | |
| 牙科 | Dentistry | 皮肤科 | Dermatology | |
| 普通外科 | General Surgery | 普通全科 | General Practice | |
| 眼科 | Ophthalmology | 验光科 | Optometry | |
| 耳鼻喉科 | Otolaryngology (ENT) | 整形外科 | Plastic surgery | |
| 骨外科 | Orthopedic Surgery | 足科 | Podiatry | |
| 内科 | Internal Medicine | 病理科 | Pathology | |
| 心脏科 | Cardiology | 心胸外科 | Cardio-Thoracic Surgery | |
| 肺科 | Pulmonary Medicine | 肝病专科 | Hepatology | |
| 肠胃科 | Gastroenterology | 结肠直肠外科 | Colorectal Surgery | |
| 肾脏科 | Nephrology | 泌尿科 | Urology | |
| 内分泌科 | Endocrinology | 脊椎神经科 | Chiropractic | |
| 神经科 | Neurology | 神经外科 | Neurosurgery | |
| 重症室 | Intensive Care Unit (ICU) | 心脏重症室 | Coronary Care Unit (CCU) | |
| 内科重症室 | Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) | 外科重症室 | Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) | |
| 血管外科 | Vascular Surgery | 血液科 | Hematology | |
| 传染病科 | Infectious Disease | 物理康复科 | Physiatry | |
| Ｘ光科 | Radiology | 过敏性专科 | Allergy And Immunology | |
| 麻醉科 | Anesthesiology | 化验所 | Laboratory | |
| 手术室 | Operation Room (OR) | 门诊手术中心 | Outpatient Surgical Center | |
| 外科病房 | Surgical Ward | 内科病房 | Medical Ward
| |
最后要说的是，身在异国他乡，几乎所有东西都需要自己去面对和适应。因此在心理上要做好充分的准备，并适时地进行自我调节以及保持乐观的情绪，这样在身体机理上才有力量抵御“外敌”入侵。虽然本篇这一系列的英语用语都是与生病有关的，但是编者更希望同学们能够防患于未然，健健康康地迎接每一天的挑战!
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