美国留学STEM专业的全面解析

2016-07-18 07:45:46 836478124 美国STEM专业
   这几日,希拉里承诺STEM专业研究生毕业将自动获绿卡的消息在广大美国留学生圈里炸开了锅,各种解读各种分析,真是越刷越燃,那么到底这事靠不靠谱呢?希拉里阿姨的承诺到底能不能兑现呢?相信大家也看明白了,希拉里当选+新的移民法案获得通过是必要前提。

  今天我们不讨论这个还不确定的问题,我们讨论一下STEM的问题。

  什么是STEM?

  STEM由科学(Science)、技术(Technology)、工程(Engineer)和数学(Mathematics)首字母组成,是美国鼓励学生主修科学、技术、工程及数学的一项计划。在美国国土安全局网站上可以查到一个长长的属于STEM计划的专业列表,比如化工、计算机科学、物理、数学、生物科学和航空航天等理工科。

  STEM有什么好处?

  对于国际学生来说,毕业之后想找工作就要申请OPT(Optional Practical Training),有了OPT才可以在美国合法实习、工作,但是OPT都是有一定时间限制的。标准的OPT只有一年时间,也就是说如果毕业生一年之内无法拿到H1B工作签证,就必须离开美国了。但是STEM专业的毕业生可以申请额外17个月的OPT延期(据传说新政策将延期增加至了24个月),也就是说他们将拥有总共29个月的OPT时间用来找工作并申请H1B工作签证。因此,选择STEM项目,对于国际学生在美国找工作来说是莫大的优势!

  商科属于STEM专业吗?

  传统商科如金融(金融工程除外)、会计等显然不是STEM专业,但是,近年来随着大数据的兴起,数据分析项目如雨后春笋一般在美国商学院兴起。由于这些项目与数学、统计及信息科学有大量的交叉,因此十分具备成为STEM专业的资质。另有一些学校商学院的信息系统管理(Information Management)项目也纷纷增加了数据分析的方向。但是,目前来看,拥有STEM标签的商学院数据分析项目仍然是少数。

  今年三月份,美国国土安全部发布了有关于“STEM专业OPT延期的最终政策”的文件。这份文件已于3月11日,在联邦公报网站上公示,于2016年5月10日正式生效!而最值得关注的,则是STEM专业OPT延期将从原来的17个月调整为24个月!加上原来12月的OPT时间,STEM专业的学生OPT最终总共时间加起来将为36个月!

  下面是美国官方认定的422个STEM专业,请大家按字母排列进行查询,一些新被认定的项目可能未被列入表中请谅解。

  以下是全部422个STEM专业列表(按字母谁序排列)

  Acoustics

  Actuarial Science

  Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Aeronautics/Aviation/Aerospace Science and Technology, General

  Aerospace Ground Equipment Technology

  Aerospace Physiology and Medicine

  Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical/Space Engineering

  Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Breeding

  Agricultural Animal Breeding

  Agricultural Engineering

  AgroEcology and Sustainable Agriculture

  Agronomy and Crop Science

  Air and Space Operational Art and Science

  Air and Space Operations Technology

  Air Science/Airpower Studies

  Aircraft Armament Systems Technology

  Algebra and Number Theory

  Analysis and Functional Analysis

  Analytical Chemistry

  Anatomy

  Animal Behavior and Ethology

  Animal Genetics

  Animal Health

  Animal Nutrition

  Animal Physiology

  Animal Sciences, General

  Animal Sciences, Other

  AniMATion, InterACTive Technology, Video GrAPhics and SpeCIAl Effects

  Applied Mathematics, General

  Applied Mathematics, Other

  Aquatic Biology/Limnology

  Archeology

  Architectural and Building Sciences/Technology

  Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD

  Architectural Engineering

  Architectural Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  ArtifiCIAl Intelligence

  Astronomy

  Astronomy and Astrophysics, Other

  Astrophysics

  Atmospheric Chemistry and Climatology

  Atmospheric Physics and Dynamics

  Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, General

  Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other

  Atomic/Molecular Physics

  AutoMATion Engineer Technology/TechniCIAn

  Automotive Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn[SITESERVER_PAGE]

  Behavioral Sciences

  BioChemical Engineering

  Biochemistry

  Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

  Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Other

  Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering

  BioinforMATics

  Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Other

  Biological and Physical Sciences

  BioLogical/BioSystems Engineering

  Biology TechniCIAn/Biotechnology Laboratory TechniCIAn

  Biology/Biological Sciences, General

  BioMathematics, BioinforMATics, and Computational Biology, Other

  Biomedical Sciences, General

  Biomedical Technology/TechniCIAn

  Biometry/Biometrics

  Biophysics

  BioPsychology

  BioStatistics

  Biotechnology

  Botany/Plant Biology

  Botany/Plant Biology, Other

  Business Statistics

  CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/TechniCIAn

  Cardiovascular Science

  Cell Biology and Anatomy

  Cell Physiology

  Cell/Cellular and Molecular Biology

  Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Other

  Cell/Cellular Biology and Histology

  Ceramic Sciences and Engineering

  Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

  Chemical Engineering

  Chemical Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Chemical Engineering, Other

  Chemical Physics

  Chemical Process Technology

  Chemical Technology/TechniCIAn

  Chemistry, General

  Chemistry, Other

  Civil Drafting and Civil Engineering CAD/CADD

  Civil Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Civil Engineering, General

  Civil Engineering, Other

  Clinical and Industrial Drug Development

  Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist

  Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics

  Cognitive Science

  Combat Systems Engineering

  Command & Control (C, CI) Systems and Operations

  Comparative Psychology

  Computational and Applied Mathematics

  Computational Biology

  Computational Mathematics

  Computational Science

  Computer and Information Sciences, General

  Computer and Information Sciences, Other

  Computer and InforMATion Systems Security/InforMATion Assurance

  Computer Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Computer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Computer Engineering, General

  Computer Engineering, Other

  Computer Graphics

  Computer Hardware Engineering

  Computer Hardware Technology/TechniCIAn

  Computer Programming, Other

  Computer Programming, Specific APplications

  Computer Programming, Vendor/Product Certification

  Computer Programming/Programmer, General

  Computer Science

  Computer Software and Media APplications, Other

  Computer Software Engineering

  Computer Software Technology/TechniCIAn

  Computer Support SpeCIAlist

  Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst

  Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications

  Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology

  Computer/Information Technology Services Administration and Management, Other

  Condensed Matter and MATerials Physics

  Conservation Biology

  Construction Engineering

  Construction Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Cyber/Computer Forensics and Counterterrorism

  Cyber/Electronic Operations and Warfare

  Cytotechnology/Cytotechnologist

  Dairy Science

  DATa Modeling/Warehousing and DATabase Administration

  DATa Processing and DATa Processing Technology/TechniCIAn

  Developmental and Child Psychology

  Developmental Biology and Embryology

  Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia

  Directed Energy Systems

  Drafting and Design Technology/TechniCIAn, General

  Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Ecology

  Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

  Ecology, Evolution, SysteMATics and Population Biology, Other

  Econometrics and Quantitative Economics

  Educational Evaluation and Research

  Educational Statistics and Research Methods

  Educational/Instructional Technology

  Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Electrical and Electronics Engineering

  Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering, Other

  Electrical/Electronics Drafting and Electrical/Electronics CAD/CADD

  Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Electromechanical Engineering

  Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering Technology

  Elementary Particle Physics

  Endocrinology

  Energy Management and Systems Technology/TechniCIAn

  Engineering Acoustics

  Engineering Chemistry

  Engineering Design

  Engineering Mechanics

  Engineering Physics/Applied Physics

  Engineering Science

  Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields, Other

  Engineering Technology, General

  Engineering, General

  Engineering, Other

  Engineering/Industrial Management

  Engineering-Related Fields, Other

  Engineering-Related Technologies, Other

  Entomology

  Environmental Biology

  Environmental Chemistry

  Environmental Control Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology

  Environmental Health

  Environmental Science

  Environmental Studies

  Environmental Toxicology

  Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering

  Epidemiology

  Evolutionary Biology

  Exercise Physiology

  Experimental Psychology

  Explosive Ordinance/Bomb Disposal

  Financial Mathematics

  Food Science

  Food Science and Technology, Other

  Food Technology and Processing

  Forensic Chemistry

  Forensic Science and Technology

  Forest Engineering

  Forest Sciences and Biology

  Genetics, General

  Genetics, Other

  Genome Sciences/Genomics

  Geochemistry

  Geochemistry and Petrology

  GeogrAPhic InforMATion Science and Cartography

  GeoLogical and EArth Sciences/Geosciences, Other

  Geological/Geophysical Engineering

  Geology/Earth Science, General

  Geometry/Geometric Analysis

  GeoPhysics and Seismology

  Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering

  Hazardous MATerials InforMATion Systems Technology/TechniCIAn

  Hazardous MATerials Management and Waste Technology/TechniCIAn

  Health/Medical Physics

  Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Horticultural Science

  Human Biology

  Human Computer InterACTion

  Human/Medical Genetics

  Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology/TechniCIAn

  Hydrology and Water Resources Science

  Immunology

  Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Cosmetic Sciences

  Industrial Engineering

  Industrial Production Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Industrial Radiologic Technology/TechniCIAn

  Industrial Safety Technology/TechniCIAn

  Industrial Technology/TechniCIAn

  InforMATics

  InforMATion Operations/Joint InforMATion Operations

  Information Science/Studies

  Information Technology

  Information Technology Project Management

  InforMATion/PsychoLogical Warfare and Military Media Relations

  Inorganic Chemistry

  Instrumentation Technology/TechniCIAn

  Integrated Circuit Design

  Intelligence, Command Control and InforMATion Operations, Other

  Intelligence, General

  Joint Command/Task Force (C, CI) Systems

  Laser and Optical Engineering

  Laser and Optical Technology/TechniCIAn

  Livestock Management

  Low-Observables and Stealth Technology

  Management Science

  Management Science and Quantitative Methods, Other

  Manufacturing Engineering

  Manufacturing Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Marine Biology and BioLogical OceanogrAPhy

  Marine Sciences

  MATerials Chemistry

  Materials Engineering

  Materials Science

  Materials Sciences, Other

  MATheMATical Biology

  Mathematical Statistics and Probability

  Mathematics and Computer Science

  Mathematics and Statistics

  Mathematics and Statistics, Other

  Mathematics, General

  Mathematics, Other

  Mechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD

  Mechanical Engineering

  Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/TechniCIAn

  Mechatronics, Robotics, and AutoMATion Engineering

  Medical Informatics

  Medical Microbiology and Bacteriology

  Medical Scientist

  Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

  Metallurgical Engineering

  Metallurgical Technology/TechniCIAn

  Meteorology

  Microbial and Eukaryotic Genetics

  MicrobioLogical Sciences and Immunology, Other

  Microbiology and Immunology

  Microbiology, General

  Military Applied Sciences, Other

  Military InforMATion Systems Technology

  Military Systems and Maintenance Technology, Other

  Military Technologies and Applied Sciences, Other

  Mining and Mineral Engineering

  Mining and Petroleum Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Mining Technology/TechniCIAn

  Missile and Space Systems Technology

  Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation

  Molecular Biochemistry

  Molecular Biology

  Molecular Biophysics

  Molecular Genetics

  Molecular Medicine

  Molecular Pharmacology

  Molecular Physiology

  Molecular Toxicology

  Munitions Systems/Ordinance Technology

  Mycology[SITESERVER_PAGE]

  Nanotechnology

  Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy

  Natural Resources Conservation and Research, Other

  Natural Resources/Conservation, General

  Natural Sciences

  Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering

  Naval Science and Operational Studies

  Network and System Administration/Administrator

  Neuroanatomy

  Neurobiology and Anatomy

  Neurobiology and Behavior

  Neurobiology and Neurosciences, Other

  NeuroPharmacology

  Neuroscience

  Nuclear and Industrial RadioLogic Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Nuclear Engineering

  Nuclear Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Nuclear Physics

  Nuclear/Nuclear Power Technology/TechniCIAn

  Nutrition Sciences

  Occupational Safety and Health Technology/TechniCIAn

  Ocean Engineering

  OceanogrAPhy, Chemical and Physical

  Oncology and Cancer Biology

  Operational OceanogrAPhy

  Operations Research

  Optics/Optical Sciences

  Organic Chemistry

  PackAging Science

  Paleontology

  PAPer Science and Engineering

  Parasitology

  Pathology/Experimental Pathology

  Personality Psychology

  Petroleum Engineering

  Petroleum Technology/TechniCIAn

  Pharmaceutical Sciences

  Pharmaceutics and Drug Design

  PharmacoEconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics

  Pharmacology

  Pharmacology and Toxicology

  Pharmacology and Toxicology, Other

  Photobiology

  Physical Chemistry

  Physical Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Physical Sciences

  Physical Sciences, Other

  Physics, General

  Physics, Other

  Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology

  Physiology, General

  Physiology, Pathology, and Related Sciences, Other

  Planetary Astronomy and Science

  Plant Genetics

  Plant Molecular Biology

  Plant Pathology/Phytopathology

  Plant Physiology

  Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management

  Plant Sciences, General

  Plant Sciences, Other

  Plasma and High-Temperature Physics

  Plastics and Polymer Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Polymer Chemistry

  Polymer/Plastics Engineering

  Population Biology

  Poultry Science

  Pre-Engineering

  Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology

  PsychoPharmacology

  Quality Control and Safety Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Quality Control Technology/TechniCIAn

  Radar Communications and Systems Technology

  Radiation Biology/Radiobiology

  Range Science and Management

  Reproductive Biology

  Research and Experimental Psychology, Other

  Robotics Technology/TechniCIAn

  Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, General

  Science Technologies/TechniCIAns, Other

  Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology

  Signal/Geospatial Intelligence

  Social Psychology

  Soil Chemistry and Physics

  Soil Microbiology

  Soil Science and Agronomy, General

  Soil Sciences, Other

  Solar Energy Technology/TechniCIAn

  Space Systems Operations

  Statistics, General

  Statistics, Other

  Strategic Intelligence

  Structural Biology

  Structural Engineering

  Surveying Engineering

  Surveying Technology/Surveying

  Sustainability Studies

  System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager

  SysteMATic Biology/BioLogical SysteMATics

  Systems Engineering

  Systems Science and Theory

  TeleCommunications Engineering

  Telecommunications Technology/TechniCIAn

  Textile Sciences and Engineering

  Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

  Theoretical Chemistry

  Topology and FounDATions

  Toxicology

  Transportation and Highway Engineering

  Undersea Warfare

  Urban Forestry

  Veterinary Anatomy

  Veterinary Infectious Diseases

  Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology

  Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology

  Veterinary Physiology

  Veterinary Preventive medicine Epidemiology and Public Health

  Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology

  Virology

  Vision Science/PhysioLogical Optics

  Water Quality and Wastewater Treatment Management and Recycling Technology/TechniCIAn

  Water Resources Engineering

  Water, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Management

  Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and InforMATion Resources Design

  Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster

  Welding Engineering Technology/TechniCIAn

  Wildlife Biology

  Wildlife, Fish and Wildlands Science and Management

  Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and PAPer Technology

  Zoology/Animal Biology

  Zoology/Animal Biology, Other

  好吧,我们先期待希拉里阿姨能够顺利当选吧,提醒大家:2016年美利坚合众国总统选举将于2016年11月08日星期二举行,大家敬请期待吧。

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