人教版高中英语必修3《Unit 4 the science of the stars》教案
教学准备
教学目标
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language目标语言
a重点词汇和短语
astronomy, atmosphere, system, violent, solid, explode, carbon, dioxide, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful, development, spread, method, depend, solar system, in time, prevent…from, depend on
b重点句子
1.What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun. P25
2.It’s exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. P25
3.It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere, into the oceans and seas. P25
4.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. P26
2. Ability goals 能力目标
a. Enable Ss to talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel and gravity
Where do we come from?
How did the universe begin?
Why is the universe the way it was?
How will it end?
How much do you know about universe?
Do you want to have a space travel?
Do you know something about gravity?
b. Understand the text and answer the following questions:
1. What was there on the earth before life could begin?
2. Why do scientists think there has never been life on the moon?
3. Why did animals first appear in the seas?
4. Why did green plants help life to develop?
5. Why were mammals different from other animals?
c. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer according to the text and put the order of development of life into a time line and answer questions.
d. Retell the passage using key sentences.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable Ss learn how to talk about the beginning of life on the earth.
教学重难点
Teaching important points教学重点
a. Talk about the beginning of life on the earth.
Why did animals first appear in the seas?
Why did green plants help life to develop?
b. Discuss the order of development of life
Teaching difficult points教学难点
a. Understand the beginning of life on the earth.
b. Discuss the questions:
What will our future be if the earth may become too hot for the lives on it?
Why are humans the cleverest animals on the earth?
教学过程
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人教版高中英语必修3《Unit 4 the science of the stars》教案
教学准备
教学目标
掌握重点短语
教学重难点
学会运用本课的句型。
教学过程
Step I Revision
1. Check retelling of the passage
2. Translate the following sentences.
a. 你迟早会成功的.
b. 我的车与你的不一样.
c. 站在门旁边的那个人是谁?
d. 他总是第一个来,最后一个走.
e. 既然你已经长大了,你自己决定吧.
Suggested answers:
a. You will succeed in time.
b. My car is different from yours.
c. Who is the person standing by the door?
d. He is always the first to come and the last to go.
e. Now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.
Step Ⅱ Word study
This part is a consolidation of the words learnt in this unit. Ask the students to do the exercises individually.
a. Page 28. First let students finish part 1,2
b. Check the answers with the whole class.
c. Give students 3minutes to finish part 3.
d. Let the students read part 4 for a while and finish it.
e. Check the answers.
Step Ⅲ Preparation
Show some sentences on the blackboard.
a. A tree has fallen across the road.
b. You are a student.
c. To find your way can be a problem.
d. Smoking is bad for you.
e. “How do you do?” is a greeting.
f. What she said is not yet known.
g. That we shall be late is certain.
h. It’s certain that we shall be late .
T: What part does the underli ned part serve as in each sentence? Or find its subject in each sentence.
Step Ⅳ Grammar
1. Give the students some time to find the sentences in the passage. The collect answers from the class.
2. Show typical examples of how to make a subject clause. Guide the Ss to find out what changes we have to make when we make a sentence or combine two sentences using subject clause. Teacher shows the example and Ss write down the sentences.
3. Turn to page 64, finish the eight sentences in exercise 2.
4. Have a discussion in pairs. The topic is My dream. One talks about the problems in his study or life, another gives some advice. Remind the students to use the following structures
a. My problem is…
b. My trouble is…
c. The question is…
d. My advice is…
e. What I think about it is…
f. The fact is…
g. My suggestion is…
【高考链接】
主语从句
一、由what(whatever，whoever)等代词引导的主语从句。
What th ey are after is money. 他们追求的是金钱。
Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。
二、由连词that引导的主语从句。其中that一般不可省略，但若用it作形式主语， that从句后置时，则可省略。为避免头重脚轻，我们倾向用it开头，后接be，seem等。如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构。
That money doesn't grow on trees should be obvious.
金钱不能从树上长出来是显而易见 的。
It is obvious(that)money doesn't grow on trees .显而易见，金钱是不能从树上长出来的。
Has it been announced when the planes are to take off?飞机什么时候起飞宣布了没有?
注意：
1)选用what还是用that引导主语从句要根据关联词在从句中是否担任成分而定。且what(以及whatever，whoever等)引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。
What he said is true.他说的是真的。(what在其引导的主语从句中作宾语。)
That China is a great socialist country is well known.(=It’s well known that…)众所周知，中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。(that在其引导的主语从句中不作任何成分，也无词义，只起连接作用。)
2)it引导的强调句与it作形式主语的复合句不可混淆。it引导的强调句是用来对句中某一成分加以强调，其结构为：“It is(或was)+强调部分+that(或who)…”强调句去掉It is(或was)…that(或who)…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。
It was I that(who) met Mary in the street yesterday.是我昨天在街上遇见了玛丽。(强调主语)
3)常见的用it作形式主语的复合句结构：
*It is+形容词(necessary，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，等)+that从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。
Its said that our English teacher will go abroad nextweek.据说我们英语老师下周要去出国。
*It +不及物动词(seems，appears，happens， matters等)+that从句
It seems that she is in great need of help.看来她急帮忙。
4)主语为从句时，一般要用单数谓语动词形式;但如果引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念(常可从表语上看出)时，谓语动词则常用复数形式：
What we need is water. 我们需要的是水。
What we need are useful books. 我们需要的是有用的书。
三、由连接代词或连接副词(或if, whether)引导的主语从句。
When they will come hasn't been made public.他们什么时候回来还没有宣布。
Whether I’ll attend the meeting hasn’t beendecided.=It hasn’t been decided whether(if) I’ll attend the meeting.我是否参加会议还未决定。
【高考链接】
1 ._____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on theweather.
A.If B. Whether C. That D. Where
2.______she couldn't understand was____ fewer and fewer students showedinterest in her lessons.
A.What;why B. That;what C. What;because D. Why;that
3._____ leaves the room last ought to turn off thelight.
A.Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
4. These wild flowers are so special I would do____ Ican to save them
A.whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
5. It is pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and outthe atmosphere today.
A.that B. when C. what D. how
6.___we can’t get seems better than ____we have.
A.What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through tothe national championships.
A.No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
8. ______ makes this shop different is that it offersmore personal services. (06 辽宁)
A.What B. Who C.Whatever D. Whoever
9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ______ ourastronauts desire to do is to walk in space.
A.where B. what C. that D. how
10. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people thepassword of your e-mail account.(2005上海)
A.What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires
【巩固练习】
1.____studies hard will pass the exam.
A.Whoever B. Any student C. Who D. Those who
2.____the workers insisted on was that they ____morepay.
A.That; must be given B. What; begiven
C.Whether; would be given D. What;should give
3.____he will be sent to Hainanis certain.
A.Why B. Whether C. That D. How
4 ---You look so worried, what has happened?
----Itworries me ____I’ve hurt him.
A.if B. which C .what D. whether
5.____he said at the meeting astonished everybodypresent.
A.What B. That C . The fact D. The matter
6. Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job ontime?
A.this B. that C .he D. it
7. ____breaks the law should be punished.
A.Anyone B. Whoever C. He D. Whatever
8. ____I accept the gift or refuse it is none of yourbusiness.
A.If B. Whether C. Even if D.When
9. ____said that was wrong.
A.Who B. Whoever C. Anybody D. Everybody
10. _____ is unknown to us all.
A.Where did he get it B. Where he got it
C.That where he got D. Which he got it
11.____has helped to save the drowning girl is worthpraising.
A.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
12. It worried her a bit ____her shoes were worn out.
A.while B. that C. if D. for
13.I read about it in some book or other，does it matter____ it was?
A.Where B. what C. how D. which
14.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internationallanguage
A.There B. This C.That D. It
15.I found ____strange that she didn't show any interest in it.
A. that B. what C. it D. which
【汉译英】
1. 澳大利亚出产羊毛。
2. 父亲把零钱放进钱包。
3. 他们敏捷的行动阻止了火势蔓延。
4. 你不能永远依赖你的双亲。
5. 我们初次见面到如今已有好多年了。
【答案及解析】
【高考链接】
1. B 因谓语动词depends on，说明go camping这件事尚未确定。主语从句在句首时，不用if，故用whether。
2. A 本句兼考查主语从句与表语从句。
3. C 此题中有两个不是并列的动词谓语，而Anyone和The person不是连接代词，也不是关系代词，所以先排除A和B;又whoever=the person who,故选C.
4. A 本句考查“do what one can(do)”这一句型。用whatever代what语气更强。
5. C what引导主语从句，在从句中做主语，it是形式主语;that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分。
6. A 主语从句we can’t get后缺宾语，故需用what;而than后分句也缺宾语，仍需用what。
7. D 根据句子结构可知本题考查名词性从句用法，故A、B项排除;whatever与whichever的不同之处在于前者没有范围而后者有范围，而本句中所表达的是在本周六参加比赛的获胜队，是有范围的，故D项正确。
8 A what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语。表语从句部分是说明该商店与众不同的具体内容，并未指人，因此排除B、D两项;whatever：anything that … 意为“……的任何事物”，不合句意，故排除。
9. B 根据题干中的…to do is…可知主语从句中缺少主语，而选项中能作主语从句主语的只有what。
10. C 此句中it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句，而且that从句内容与require构成被动关系，故C项正确。
【巩固练习】
1.A 2B. 3C 4D 5A 6D 7B 8 B 9B 10B 11D 12B 13D 14D 15C
【汉译英】
1.Australiaproduces wool.
2. The father put the small change into thewallet.
3. Their prompt actions prevented the fire from spreading.
4. You can’t depend on your parents forever.
5.Many years have gone by since we first met.
课后习题
Homework
1. Finish exercises (P63)
2. Finish exercises (P64)