想要去美国的医学院就读，可想而知费用是极高的，那么有没有哪些方式可以免费的学习、节约金钱或者获得相应的奖学金呢?跟着出国留学网来一起了解一下如果免费就读美国医学院吧，欢迎阅读。
It's not uncommon for medical school graduates to leave school with hundreds of thousands in student loan debt. Last year, among U.S. medical school graduates who borrowed, the median debt burden was $190,000, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges.While the idea of graduating medical school debt-free may seem impossible, a few medical students have the privilege of receiving a free medical education, either because they attend a tuition-free medical school or because they receive a hefty sum of scholarship money.
医学院校毕业生离校的时候有数十万学生贷款债务并不罕见。根据美国医学院协会的数据，去年美国医学院毕业生借入的债务中位数为19万美元。尽管医学院毕业债务似乎是不可能完全消除的，但是仍然有一些医学学生有权获得免费的医学教育，原因是要么是因为他们去就读了免费的医学院，要么是因为他们获得了大笔的奖学金。
第一部分：申请免费院校及尽量降低奖学金
Dr. Jennifer Haley, an Arizona-based dermatologist, knows from experience that attending medical school without acquiring debt can bring peace of mind.Haley earned her tuition-free medical degree at the F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, a federally funded medical school at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland.The university's medical school doesn't charge tuition; rather, its students are commissioned officers in the U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army or U.S. Navy, and they earn an annual salary. According to the school's website, its students earn more than $60,000 per year during their four years of medical school, and in return, they commit to at least seven years of active-duty service after graduation.Tuition-free medical schools are rare, but there are other options besides the Hébert School. For example, Case Western Reserve University's highly selective Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, a medical school that specializes in training physician scientists, provides a full-tuition scholarship to all students.
来自亚利桑那州的皮肤科医生珍妮弗·海利博士说道，在没有获得债务的情况下就读医学院可以带来内心的平静。Haley在马里兰州贝塞斯达的健康科学统一服务大学的联邦资助的医学院f . Edward Hebert医学院获得了无学费的医学学位。的确有某些大学医学院不收学费的，但是该类别的大学大多是要求它的学生是美国公共卫生服务机构、美国空军、美国陆军或美国海军的军官，他们是拿年薪的。根据学校网站的数据，在四年的医学院学习期间，该校学生每年的收入超过6万美元，作为回报，他们在毕业后至少要从事7年的现役。免费的医学院很少见，但除了赫伯特学校，还有其他的选择。例如，凯斯西储大学、克利夫兰诊所，这是一所专门培训医生科学家的医学院，它为所有学生提供全额奖学金。
在2012年的医学院毕业生中，86%的人有债务。美国医学院协会2013年的一份报告显示，负债毕业生的债务中值为17万美元。报告指出:“负债的医学院毕业生和医学院学生的债务水平在过去20年里都比通货膨胀增长更快。”对于那些想要拿到硕士学位但又不想要学生贷款的潜在学生来说，希望是有的。有许多方法可以抵消在学校和放学后的医学教育费用。
1. Plan to specialize in primary care: To lure prospective medical students into primary care – an area of medicine that often comes with long hours and a less-competitive salary – a number of schools offer scholarships for students who agree to go into the field, especially in certain regions.The University of California—Riverside welcomed its inaugural medical school class this school year and has a handsome reward for hopeful M.D.s with an interest in primary care.Students can receive a four-year scholarship that covers all tuition and fees if they agree to practice primary care in the Inland Empire region of California for five years after graduation.Ohio residents in medical school can take advantage of a similar opportunity. Funded through the Choose Ohio First Program, medical students can receive $30,000 per year for four years to decrease tuition if they agree to practice primary care in the state for at least three years and serve a high-need population.In Massachusetts, students who go on to specialize in primary care may be eligible to use the state’s loan repayment program to receive up to $50,000 for a two-year contract once they become practicing physicians in federally designated Health Professional Shortage Areas.
1.计划去专注于初级护理:将潜在的医学生吸引到初级护理中，这是一种通常伴随长时间的医疗和低竞争力的薪水的医学领域。许多学校为同意进入这个领域的学生提供奖学金，特别是在某些地区。加州大学河滨分校在这个学年开始教授医学院课程，并对初级护理感兴趣的学生给予了丰厚的回报。如果学生们同意在毕业后的五年内在加州的内陆地区进行初级护理，那么他们可以获得为期四年的奖学金，这些奖学金包括所有的学费和费用。在医学院的俄亥俄州居民可以利用类似的机会。通过选择俄亥俄第一项目，医学院学生如果同意在本州实行初级保健至少3年，并且服务于高需求人群，每年可以获得3万美元，为期4年，以此来减少学费。在马萨诸塞州，从事初级保健专业的学生可能有资格使用本州的贷款偿还计划，一旦他们在联邦指定的卫生专业人员短缺地区执业，就可以获得高达5万美元的为期两年的合同。
2. Volunteer with the Peace Corps: The volunteer service organization has multiple options for former medical students to decrease their debt – their Global Health Service Partnership is one of them. Launched in 2013 through a partnership with SEED Global Health, an organization that aims to improve health conditions globally, and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, this program awards doctors up to $30,000 to reduce educational debt and other kinds of debt.
"Volunteers primarily function as physician or nursing educators and also participate in direct clinical care as appropriate to their teaching roles," says the Peace Corps’ website.In 2013, about 30 physicians and nurses participated in the program, which sent participants to Tanzania, Malawi and Uganda. Doctors and nurses are required to serve for one year, but can apply for a second term.Students who volunteer with the Peace Corps outside of the Global Health Service Partnership may also slash much of their debt.Those who volunteer after medical school may be eligible to have some of their Perkins loan forgiven if they contribute service and don’t consolidate the loan with a non-Perkins loan. A graduate who volunteers for four years can be eligible to have as much as 70 percent of a Perkins loan forgiven.Students should know that the U.S. Department of Education sets the guidelines for partial Perkins loan cancellations, not the Peace Corps. Because this option is not exclusive to medical students, premed students may consider it for undergraduate debt.
2.做和平队志愿者:志愿服务机构有多种选择，可以让以前的医学院学生减少他们的债务——他们的全球卫生服务伙伴关系就是其中之一。该计划于2013年通过与种子全球健康组织的合作发起，该组织旨在改善全球的健康状况以及总统防治艾滋病的紧急计划，该计划向医生提供高达3万美元的奖励，以减少教育债务和其他类型的债务。
和平队的网站上说:“志愿者主要是作为医生或护理教育者同时也参与到与他们的教学角色相适应的直接临床护理中。”2013年，约有30名医生和护士参加了该项目，并将参与者送往坦桑尼亚、马拉维和乌干达。医生和护士需要服务一年，但可以申请第二学期。在全球卫生服务伙伴关系之外志愿参与和平队的学生也可能削减他们的大部分债务。那些在医学院毕业的人可能有资格获得他们的一些帕金斯贷款，如果他们提供服务，并没有通过非珀金斯贷款来巩固贷款。一名志愿服务四年的毕业生可以获得高达70%的帕金斯贷款减免。学生们应该知道，美国教育部规定了部分Perkins贷款取消的准则。因为这个选项不是医学院学生的专属，医学院预科生可能会把它看作是本科生的债务。
3. Seek out merit scholarships: In a few instances, medical students may find themselves eligible for a high-dollar scholarship while in the midst of their studies. At the Howard University College of Medicine, students can receive the Board of Trustees Scholarship, which is available to top performing medical students, says Rozanna Aitcheson, the college’s financial aid manager.“Approximately 10 students in each class receive Board of Trustees Scholarships,” she says – a sizable number at a school where medical school classes usually consist of 110 students. Of the 10 scholarship recipients, two students receive scholarships that cover the entire tuition.The school offers a number of other scholarships as well, Aitcheson says, to minimize the likelihood of cost preventing someone from pursuing their medical education. Howard also offers a number of workshops to inform students about the benefits of learning how to manage their finances during and after school.
3.寻求优秀奖学金:在一些情况下，医学院学生可能会在他们的研究中发现自己有资格获得高奖学金。在霍华德大学医学院，学生们可以获得校董事会的奖学金，这是一种可以让优秀的医学院学生获得的奖学金，学院的财务援助经理Rozanna Aitcheson说。她说:“每个班大约有10名学生获得了董事会的奖学金，”她说，在医学院通常由110名学生组成的一所学校，这一人数相当可观。在10个奖学金获得者中，有两个学生获得了覆盖整个学费的奖学金。艾奇逊说，学校还提供了一些其他的奖学金，以最大限度地降低人们从事医学教育的成本。Howard还提供了一些研讨会，告诉学生学习如何在学校和放学后管理他们的财务。
第二部分：申请奖学金
Haley says she has no regrets about her military service commitment and the financial freedom she gained as a result of attending military medical school. But attending a tuition-free medical school is not the only route to a free medical education.Medical school applicants with excellent test scores, grades and extracurricular activities may be able to pay for their entire medical school education by winning scholarship money, experts say, though getting that financial windfall won't come easily.Here are three ways experts say prospective medical students can fund medical school through scholarships.
Haley 声称，她对自己的兵役承诺和上军医学校获得的财政自由毫不后悔。但是，参加无学费的医学院并不是实现免费医学教育的唯一途径。专家表示，拥有优异考试成绩、成绩和课外活动的医学院申请者，也许能够通过获得奖学金来支付整个医学院的教育费用，尽管获得这笔意外之财并不容易。专家表示，未来的医学院学生可以通过奖学金来资助医学院。
1. Look for local scholarship opportunities: Experts say medical school applicants often forget to apply for small, local scholarships, which is a big mistake, because those tend to be less competitive than national scholarships. If you combine multiple small scholarships, that can add up to a big payoff.“What I usually recommend to students when they’re looking for scholarships is start local," says John Gracey, assistant director of student financial services at the University of Central Florida College of Medicine. He says local rotary clubs, women's professional organizations, hospitals and nonprofits frequently offer medical school scholarships.
1.寻找当地的奖学金机会：专家说，医学院的申请者经常忘记申请小型的地方奖学金，这是一个很大的错误，因为这些奖学金的竞争力往往不如国家奖学金。如果你把多个小的奖学金结合起来，就会有很大的收获。“我通常建议学生在寻找奖学金时，要先从当地开始，”中部佛罗里达大学医学院的学生金融服务助理主管约翰•格雷斯表示。他说，当地的扶轮社、妇女专业团体、医院和非营利组织经常提供医学院奖学金。
2. Consider federally funded scholarships: The U.S. federal government offers full scholarships to medical students who promise to become primary care doctors in areas of the country with a health care shortage or who commit to working as active-duty military physicians.Experts say these are exceptional opportunities for students who know for sure what kind of doctor they want to become but are inappropriate for those who lack a clear career path.Dr. Luis Padilla, director of the National Health Service Corps Program, says the NHSC's highly competitive full scholarship is designed for medical students who are passionate about providing primary care to underprivileged communities with doctor shortages.
2.考虑联邦政府资助的奖学金:美国联邦政府向医学院学生提供全额奖学金，要求这些学生承诺在医疗保健短缺的地区成为初级保健医生或承诺成为现役军人医生。专家们说，对于那些知道自己想要成为什么样的医生的学生来说，这些都是非常好的机会，但对于那些缺乏明确职业道路的人来说，这是不合适的。国家卫生服务队项目主任Luis Padilla说，NHSC高度竞争的全额奖学金是为那些热衷于向贫困社区提供初级保健服务的医学院学生设计的。该奖学金需要一年的工作，作为一名初级保健医生在一个服务不足的地区每年获得奖学金，至少两年的服务。”是非常昂贵的这些网站来取代一个临床医生,因此联邦政府投资了很多钱到这些学者,我们希望看到他们在服务水平低下的职业在初级保健和医药,”帕迪拉说,世卫组织还在卫生人力资源局的副署长在卫生资源和服务管理局。同样，专家们说，未来的医学生应该评估军事生涯是否适合他们。如果是这样的话，他们可以申请一个专为军方资助的健康职业奖学金项目的名额，该项目提供全额奖学金给医学院，以换取作为一名军事医生的义务。奖学金获得者必须每年执行一年的活动义务服务，获得奖学金，最少三年的服务。
3. Apply to medical schools with merit scholarships: A select group of medical schools offer full merit scholarships, including highly ranked schools, such as the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California—Los Angeles.But experts say these merit scholarships are rare opportunities reserved for the most promising medical school applicants.Dr. Clarence Braddock III, vice dean for education at UCLA's medical school, puts it this way: "What we’re looking for is not so much to reward prior achievement but to identify individuals who show the potential to make a big impact in the world.
3.申请获得奖学金的医学院:精选的医学院提供全额奖学金，包括排名靠前的学校，如宾夕法尼亚大学的佩雷尔曼医学院和加州大学洛杉矶分校的大卫格芬医学院。但专家表示，这些奖学金是为最有前途的医学院申请者保留的难得机会。加州大学洛杉矶分校医学院教育副院长克莱伦斯·布拉多克这样解释道:“我们想要的与其说是奖励以前的成就，还不如说是为了找出那些有潜力在世界上产生巨大影响的人。”
"If you dream of becoming a doctor, you already know that you’ll be spending a lot more time in school than most people. While four-year bachelor’s degrees are the ultimate goal for many college students, they’re just the first step on the road to a career in medicine.Your undergraduate education will be followed by an intensive four years in medical school. And after you earn your M.D. or D.O., you’ll spend three to five years in residency learning a specialty.It’s a long, difficult process, and costs can add up. While salaries for medical school graduates are among the highest for any profession, the median total debt for new doctors was $175,000 in 2013. Fortunately, there are scholarships for medical school students that can help you focus more on your studies and less on your tuition bills.
“如果你梦想成为一名医生，你就一定已经知道，你在学校的花费要比大多数人多得多。”虽然大学四年的学士学位是许多大学生的终极目标，但这只是迈向医学事业的第一步。你的本科教育将会伴随四年的医学教育。在你获得医学博士或博士学位后你将花三到五年的时间来学习一门专业。这是一个漫长而艰难的过程，而且成本会增加。尽管医学院毕业生的薪水是所有职业中最高的，但2013年新医生的总债务中位数为17.5万美元。幸运的是，有给医学院学生的奖学金可以帮助你把更多的精力放在学习上，减少你的学费和大多数有竞争力的研究生项目一样，你学校的助学金办公室是你开始奖学金搜索的最好的地方。绝大多数基于需求和择优的医学院学生奖学金直接来自学院和大学本身。举个例子，看看布朗大学阿尔珀特医学院提供的长期奖学金名单。当你在探索你的医学院选择时，一定要花一些时间和一个顾问讨论你的财务援助方案，不要忘记完成你的FAFSA，就像你为你的本科教育所做的一样。
Of course, even the most generous institutional aid is unlikely to cover your entire tuition, which can range up to an average of more than $55,000 per year. To help cover the gap, turn to private scholarships – many of which you can seek out based on your specialization, your ethnic background or where you live.The National Medical Fellowships are a group of scholarships awarded primarily to students who are underrepresented in the medical community, and to those who focus on underserved areas. NMF scholarships and fellowships go to everyone from first-year med school students to residents. Restrictions and deadlines vary, so explore the site to find a fit for you.
当然，即使是最慷慨的机构资助也不太可能覆盖你的全部学费，每年的学费平均在55000美元以上。为了弥补这一差距，你可以求助于私人奖学金——你可以根据自己的专长、种族背景或居住地来寻求这些奖学金。国家医疗奖学金是一组奖学金，主要颁发给那些在医疗团体中表现不佳的学生，以及那些专注于服务不足地区的学生。NMF奖学金和奖学金由医学院的一年级学生到当地居民。限制和期限各不相同，所以探索这个网站来找到适合你的。像华裔美国医师协会和越南裔美国医学协会这样的社区团体也提供奖学金，不管你的背景如何，他们都值得你去调查。例如，CAPS奖学金并不要求申请人有中国血统。虽然普通的私人奖学金对医学院学生来说并不像在本科阶段那样普遍，但也有一些机会对所有人开放。最有声望和利润丰厚的是美国医学会明天的内科医师协会，该协会为其年度获奖者提供1万美元的奖金。优秀的三年级医学生可以通过医学院院长办公室申请的医学类奖学金。虽然许多奖学金已经关闭了他们的申请周期，但美国医学协会将在5月29日接受申请。
Third-year students who intend to specialize in family medicine are eligible to apply for the Pisacano Scholars Leadership Program, which provides up to $28,000 each to up to five annual recipients. This unique award is paid over four years: The final year of medical school, and the three years of family medicine residency.Applications are typically due at the end of February or beginning of March, so if you’ll be a third-year student next year, bookmark this opportunity now.Finally, if you’ve found that your passion leads you toward medical or biomed research, look into Achievement Rewards for College Scientists, which provides financial support to scholars in science, engineering and medical research at 54 partner universities across the U.S.ARCS awards aren’t specific to medical school, but alumni of the program have gone on to do groundbreaking research on everything from musculoskeletal disease to Parkinson’s disease.
打算专攻家庭医学的三年级学生有资格申请皮萨卡诺学者领导项目，该项目最多可为5名年度受助人提供最多2.8万美元的资助。这个独特的奖项是在四年的时间里支付的:医学院的最后一年，以及三年的家庭医学实习期。申请通常是在2月底或3月初到期，所以如果你明年是一名三年级学生，现在就把这个机会收藏起来。最后，如果你发现你的热情引领你走向医学或生物医学的研究，那么你可以看看大学科学家的成就奖励，美国54所大学的科学、工程和医学研究提供了资金支持ARCS奖，但是，这并不是专门针对医学院的，但该项目的校友们已经开始对从肌肉骨骼疾病到帕金森氏症等各种疾病进行开创性的研究。
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