2012中考英语动词不定式知识梳理 1

2012-05-26 10:55:44 英语

  动 词 不 定 式

  不定式:to + 动词原形

  动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如:to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等

  动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语:

  

 

  注:作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代,动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。例如:

  It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

  It took us three days to do the work.

  动词不定式的否定形式由“not+动词不定式”构成. 如:

  Tell him not to be late.

  The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.

  4) 不定式省去to的情况: 在感官动词see,watch,look at,hear, listen to,feel和使役动词make,have,let等所接的宾语中(不定式做宾语不足语),不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如:

  Let me listen to you sing the song.

  He watched his son play computer games.

  I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.

  The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to work the whole night.

  5) 动词不定式和疑问词连用

  动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用,构成不定式短语。如:

  The question is when to start.

  I don’t know where to go .

  He showed me how to use a computer.

  What to do is a big problem.

  例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

  翻译下列句子,说出句中不定式的作用:

  1. To grow plants is very important.

  2. It is so nice to hear your voice.

  3. My dream is to be a pilot.

  4. He began to read and write at the age of five.

  5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.

 


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