湖北省武汉市 张玲英
动词不定式(to do)是初中英语语法内容的一个重点,同时也是每年中考要考查的一个语法考点。同学们在复习动词不定式时应注意以下几个考查热点:
动词不定式做宾语补足语。例如:
They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
他们竭力让我感到宾至如归。
Tomorrow’s meeting is very important. Please ask them ________ there on time. [北京朝阳区中考]
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
注意:在使役动词make, have, let后的动词不定式不带to.
动词不定式做宾语。例如:
She decided to accept your invitation to attend your birthday party.
她决定接受你的邀请参加你的生日派对。
You mustn’t forget _________ your dictionary when you come here tomorrow. [湖南娄底中考]
A. to bring B. bring C. to take D. take
注意:在英语中,有些动词后需接不定式做宾语。这些动词主要有:decide, hope, expect, plan, offer, refuse, agree, wish, continue, afford, beg, bother, choose, fail, help, happen, pretend等;有些动词后接不定式和-ing形式都可以,但意思不同,这几组主要动词需背下来:
stop to do sth. 停下来(目的是)做某事 try to do sth. 试图/尽力做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
动词不定式做状语,表目的。例如:
To arrive at the airport on time, he took a taxi.
为了按时赶到机场,他搭了台的士。
_______ late in the morning, bob turned off the alarm. (安徽中考)
A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept
4. 疑问代(副)词+不定式。例如:
There are so many interesting books here that I don’t know what to choose.
这里有如此多有趣的书,以致我不知选什么为好。
—Could you please tell me __________ the Christmas?
—Sure. [湖北黄冈中考]
A. how to decorate B. how decorate C. how to celebrate D. how celebrate
5.动词不定式的否定式。例如:
The patient was warned not to eat oily food after the operation. 病人被敬告手术后不能吃油腻的食物。
Our teacher told us ___________too much time searching the Internet. It’s bad for our health. [辽宁中考]
A. not to cost B. not to spend C. not to pay D. beat
6.动词不定式的时态与语态。例如:
I am sorry to have bothered you so much. 对不起给你添了很多麻烦。
The book is said to be translated into English soon.
据说这本书马上将被译成英语。
【巩固练习】
1. I’ve made it possible for my computers _________ the same programs by means of networking. [杭州]
A. to share B. share C. shared D. shares
2. I hope ______ a good job in a foreign company after I graduate _______ school. [沈阳]
A. to find; from B. finding; from C. to find; at D. finding; at
3. What makes you ________ it’s going to rain tomorrow? [东城]
A. to think B. thought C. think D. thinking
4. Internet bars mustn’t let people under 18 in or let anybody ________ bad things. [上海]
A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watches
5. — Did you have anyone ______ the trees? — Yes, I had the trees ________.
A. to water; water B. to water; watered
C. water; to be watered D. water; watered
6. Be careful! The water is too hot. You’d better _______ it right now. [吉林]
A. do not drink B. not to drink C. not drink D. not drinking
7. We’ll do what we can _________ you with your English study. [徐州]
A. to help B. help C. be helped D. be helping
8. The light of this room was ______ dim for Tom _______ read last night. [吉林]
A. too; to B. enough; to C. too; not to D. not enough; to
9. I would prefer to spend the weekend at home ________ shopping. [呼和浩特]
A. to go B. to going C. not to go D. rather than go
10. — Do you like sports?
—Sure, I’m looking forward to________ the 28th Olympic Games ______ in Greece this August on TV. [烟台]
A. watch; to be held B. watching; being held
C. watching; to be held D. watch; held
Keys: 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C
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