2013中考英语备考：反意疑问句对应规则(必背重点)

　　反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语?如：

　　① She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you?

　　使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则：

　　一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：

　　肯定+否定?否定+肯定?如：

　　① You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?

　　二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：

　　① He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)

　　② They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)

　　三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：

　　① They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或aren’t they?)

　　② He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)

　　四、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：

　　① Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)

　　② The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)

　　③ It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it?)

　　五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：

　　① She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)

　　② He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)

　　六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I?表示。如：

　　I am a very honest man, aren’t I?

　　七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如：

　　①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?

　　②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)

　　八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：

　　① I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)

　　②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)

　　九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：

　　① They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)

　　② He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)

　　十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：

　　① They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)

　　② Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)

　　十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：

　　① Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?

　　② Nothing has happened to them, has it?

　　十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：

　　① Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?

　　② Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?

　　十三、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如：

　　Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)

　　十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：

　　Let us stop to rest, will you?

　　十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如：

　　Let’s go home together, shall we?

　　十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：

　　① Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you?

　　② You feed the bird today, will you?

　　③ Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)

　　十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如：

　　Don’t make any noise, will you?

　　十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如：

　　① There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?

　　十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语?形式。

　　① You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?

　　② We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?

　　二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式。

　　① He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?

　　② They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?

　　二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：

　　① He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he? (不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?)

　　② You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?)

　　二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：

　　① Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?)

　　② You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?)