大学英语论文范文

　　下面是出国留学网为您整理的一篇英语论文的开题报告范文，反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的借鉴价值。欢迎阅读!

　　英语论文开题报告

　　function and application of descriptive translation studies

　　1 introduction

　　the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

　　since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).

　　dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

　　my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

...

　　(一)仪表

　　仪表是指人的容貌，是一个人精神面貌的外观体现。一个人的卫生习惯、服饰与形成和保持端庄、大方的仪表有着密切的关系。

　　1、卫生：清洁卫生是仪容美的关键，是礼仪的基本要求。不管长相多好，服饰多华贵，若满脸污垢，浑身异味，那必然破坏一个人的美感。因此，每个人都应该养成良好的卫生习惯，做到入睡起床洗脸、脚，早晚、饭后勤刷牙，经常洗头又洗澡，讲究梳理勤更衣。不要在人前"打扫个人卫生"。比如剔牙齿、掏鼻孔、挖耳屎、修指甲、搓泥垢等，这些行为都应该避开他人进行，否则，不仅不雅观，也不尊重他人。与人谈话时应保持一定距离，声音不要太大，不要对人口沫四溅。

　　2、服饰：服饰反映了一个人文化素质之高低，审美情趣之雅俗。具体说来，它既要自然得体，协调大方，又要遵守某种约定俗成的规范或原则。服装不但要与自己的具体条件相适应，还必须时刻注意客观环境、场合对人的着装要求，即着装打扮要优先考虑时间、地点和目的三大要素，并努力在穿着打扮的各方面与时间、地点、目的保持协调一致。

　　(二)言谈

　　言谈作为一门艺术，也是个人礼仪的一个重要组成部分。

　　1、礼貌：态度要诚恳、亲切;声音大小要适宜，语调要平和沉稳;尊重他人。

　　2、用语：敬语，表示尊敬和礼貌的词语。如日常使用的"请"、"谢谢"、"对不起"，第二人称中的"您"字等。初次见面为"久仰";很久不见为"久违";请人批评为"指教...

　　(一)仪表

　　仪表是指人的容貌，是一个人精神面貌的外观体现。一个人的卫生习惯、服饰与形成和保持端庄、大方的仪表有着密切的关系。

　　1、卫生：清洁卫生是仪容美的关键，是礼仪的基本要求。不管长相多好，服饰多华贵，若满脸污垢，浑身异味，那必然破坏一个人的美感。因此，每个人都应该养成良好的卫生习惯，做到入睡起床洗脸、脚，早晚、饭后勤刷牙，经常洗头又洗澡，讲究梳理勤更衣。不要在人前"打扫个人卫生"。比如剔牙齿、掏鼻孔、挖耳屎、修指甲、搓泥垢等，这些行为都应该避开他人进行，否则，不仅不雅观，也不尊重他人。与人谈话时应保持一定距离，声音不要太大，不要对人口沫四溅。

　　2、服饰：服饰反映了一个人文化素质之高低，审美情趣之雅俗。具体说来，它既要自然得体，协调大方，又要遵守某种约定俗成的规范或原则。服装不但要与自己的具体条件相适应，还必须时刻注意客观环境、场合对人的着装要求，即着装打扮要优先考虑时间、地点和目的三大要素，并努力在穿着打扮的各方面与时间、地点、目的保持协调一致。

　　(二)言谈

　　言谈作为一门艺术，也是个人礼仪的一个重要组成部分。

　　1、礼貌：态度要诚恳、亲切;声音大小要适宜，语调要平和沉稳;尊重他人。

　　2、用语：敬语，表示尊敬和礼貌的词语。如日常使用的"请"、"谢谢"、"对不起"，第二人称中的"您"字等。初次见面为"久仰";很久不见为"久违";请人批评为"指教...

AUSTIN, Texas—Refuting the popular stereotype that females talk more than men, researchers at The University of Texas at Austin have found women and men both use an average of 16,000 words each day.

The psychology researchers have published their findings in "Are Women Really More Talkative Than Men?" in the July issue of Science.

For more than a decade, researchers have claimed that women use far more words each day than men. One set of numbers that is commonly tossed around is that women use 20,000 words per day compared to only 7,000 for men.

"These findings have been reported widely by national media and have entered the cultural mainstream," James W. Pennebaker, chair of the Psychology Department and co-author of the study, said. "Although many people believe the stereotypes of females as talkative and males as reticent, there is no large-scale study that systematically has recorded the natural conversations of large groups of people for extended period of time."

For eight years, the psychology researchers have developed a method for recording natural language using the electronically activated recorder (EAR). The unobtrusive digital voice recorder tracks people''s interactions, including their conversations.

The researchers analyzed the transcripts of almost 400 university students in the United States and Mexico ...

　　(一)仪表

　　仪表是指人的容貌，是一个人精神面貌的外观体现。一个人的卫生习惯、服饰与形成和保持端庄、大方的仪表有着密切的关系。

　　1、卫生：清洁卫生是仪容美的关键，是礼仪的基本要求。不管长相多好，服饰多华贵，若满脸污垢，浑身异味，那必然破坏一个人的美感。因此，每个人都应该养成良好的卫生习惯，做到入睡起床洗脸、脚，早晚、饭后勤刷牙，经常洗头又洗澡，讲究梳理勤更衣。不要在人前"打扫个人卫生"。比如剔牙齿、掏鼻孔、挖耳屎、修指甲、搓泥垢等，这些行为都应该避开他人进行，否则，不仅不雅观，也不尊重他人。与人谈话时应保持一定距离，声音不要太大，不要对人口沫四溅。

　　2、服饰：服饰反映了一个人文化素质之高低，审美情趣之雅俗。具体说来，它既要自然得体，协调大方，又要遵守某种约定俗成的规范或原则。服装不但要与自己的具体条件相适应，还必须时刻注意客观环境、场合对人的着装要求，即着装打扮要优先考虑时间、地点和目的三大要素，并努力在穿着打扮的各方面与时间、地点、目的保持协调一致。

　　(二)言谈

　　言谈作为一门艺术，也是个人礼仪的一个重要组成部分。

　　1、礼貌：态度要诚恳、亲切;声音大小要适宜，语调要平和沉稳;尊重他人。

　　2、用语：敬语，表示尊敬和礼貌的词语。如日常使用的"请"、"谢谢"、"对不起"，第二人称中的"您"字等。初次见面为"久仰";很久不见为"久违";请人批评为"指教...