托福写作解析

　　做任何事情，如果能关注到细节，往往要比别人更容易成功。出国留学网托福栏目为您带来“实例教你把握托福写作细节问题”，希望对大家有所帮助哦!

　　【原文】

　　When a company needs to hire someone for a managerial position， there is often a choice between promoting an employee who is already working inside the company or bringing in a person from outside. Hiring a qualified outsider is often to a company's advantage for several reasons.

　　【中文释义】

　　当一个公司需要雇佣管理人员的时候，常常有两个选择。一是内部提拔，二是外部聘用。从外部雇佣资深的管理人员对于公司来说更有利，有以下几个原因。

　　【词汇注释】

　　hire 雇佣，聘用

　　managerial 管理的，经理的

　　promote 提拔，晋升

　　qualified 有资格的，有资历的，合格的

　　outsider 外人，局外者

　　【同义词扩展】

　　1. hire：employ，take on 雇佣，聘用

　　2. position：location，stand， standing 位置，地位，立场

　　3. qualified：eligible 合格的

　　【写作实用句型积累】

　　1. there is often a choice between A and B. A和B常为热议的两种选择，解决方法等，这个句型在写作中很常见

　　2. A is to one's advantage…A对于。。。来说更有利，更有优势。写作中如果在A和B之间选了A的话，可以用这个句型。

　　【原文】

　　An important reason for hiring outsiders as managers is that they bring a new perspective. This contributes to the diversity of ideas and allows company practices to be seen in a new light. Often， an outsider hire will ask， "What's the reason for doing things that way?" This question may lead to a reevaluation of practices that are actually inefficient but have become so much a part of the routine that it i...

　　为了帮助考生们更好地备考托福写作，出国留学网托福栏目为大家带来托福写作因果逻辑关系剖析，希望对大家有所帮助哦!

　　一. 因果逻辑之表达原因的基本词汇

　　Causes ：due to, because of, owing to, as a result of, on account of, for, on the ground of, through, because, since, as, on the ground that

　　例如：(我们可以做做以下的翻译练习来帮助我们理解事物的原因，即原因这一概念。)

　　1.据报道，因为处于这位新领导人管理的目前形势下，残疾人面临抑郁和财政困难。

　　译文：Disabled people are reported to face depression and financial difficulties owing to the current situation under a new leader's governing.

　　2.由于他亲身父母的对其的放任不管，这个极富天赋的小孩被酒精和毒品给毁了。

　　Such a gifted child was ruined by alcohol and drugs because of the ignorance of his biological parents.

　　二. 因果逻辑之表达结果的基本词汇

　　effects：therefore, so, as a result, consequently, accordingly, because of, thus, hence, for this reason, result in

　　例如：他不断出现抑郁症状，结果只好咨询心理医生了。

　　He continued to suffer from depression ,accordingly, and consulted a psychiatrist

　　三. 因果逻辑之表达原因和结果关联的升级词汇(关系是棘手的问题。)

　　1)contributed to

　　例如：两个主要因素导致了夏季长江及其支流的特大洪水。第一，过度砍伐引起的河流上游的侵蚀，第二，严重的泥沙淤积抬高了主干道的河床。

　　译文：Two major factors contributed to devastating summer flooding along the Yangtze River and its tributaries . First , erosion resulting from excessive deforestation in the upper reaches of the river and , second ,heavy silting which raised the riverbed in the main channel .

　　据说医务人员的玩忽职守是她死亡的原因之一。

　　译文：Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.

　　2)attribute sth to s...

　　为了帮助考生们更好地备考托福写作，出国留学网托福栏目为大家带来“托福写作中副词的用法解析”，希望对大家有所帮助哦!

　　1、用插入语开头，表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确：

　　Strangely enough，Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.

　　Generally speaking，winter in Vancouver is gloomy.

　　2、用副词开头，常见的情形有：

　　(1) 副词表示某一地域或某一领域

　　Geographically， Canada is the biggest country in the world.

　　Financially， she is independent， but emotionally she is dependent.

　　(2) 强调副词

　　Hurriedly， the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.

　　Dangerously， the drunkard sped down the street.

　　Slowly and gently， snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.

　　(3)副词修饰全句

　　Luckily， he didn't know my phone number; otherwise， he would bother me.

　　Incredibly， Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.

　　Interestingly， cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

　　修饰全句常用的副词有：

　　obviously，undoubtedly，apparently，fortunately，clearly，unfortunately，incredibly，luckily，without doubt， surprisingly，frighteningly

　　这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等与“It is …形容词 that …”。

　　推荐阅读：

　　托福常用词汇30组

　　托福写作除了词汇量要达到以外，还有很多提分点的哦。出国留学网为托福栏目大家带来托福写作：关于幸福感的作文题解析，希望对大家备考托福有所帮助!

　　关于幸福感(happiness)的话题

　　1) Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? People who do not have to work because they have enough money arebarely happy.(抽象类，快乐与钱) 2007.11.3

　　因为有很多钱所以不用工作的人们，很少有开心的。

　　2) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are happier when they finisha challenging or difficult job than when they complete an easy task.(抽象类，快乐与工作) 2008.1.18

　　人们完成了一项更加困难的工作比完成一项简单的任务更加开心。

　　3) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To remain happy and optimistic whenyou fail is more important than achieving success.

　　(抽象类，成功的因素) 2009.3.21

　　当你失败时候保持开心和乐观比获得成功更加重要。

　　4) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People would be happier with fewerpossessions.(抽象类，快乐的因素) 2009.12.19

　　人们拥有越少越开心。

　　5) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to makeourselves happy, weshould learn how to make others happy first.(抽象类，快乐的因素) 2010.3.27

　　为了让我们自己开心，得先学会让别人开心。

　　6) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The world ischanging quickly. People are less happy than before.(抽象类，快乐的因素) 2011.1.29

　　世界变化很快，人们没有以前开心了。

　　这6道题目前两道题目的开心是比较具体的，至少是放在某种情境下的开心，而后几题的开心就更加抽象了，所以要破题，我们首先得搞清楚什么叫做幸福感，老外是如何定义幸福感的(从维基百科上看看大神们是如何定义开心的)。

　　Psychologist Martin Seligman asserts that happiness is not solely derivedfrom...

　　同学们在备考托福写作时，词汇量是一定要达到的，关于写作其实还有有很多可以加分点哦。出国留学网托福栏目为大家带来2016年托福写作高分范文详解，希望能帮到大家!

　　2016年托福写作高分范文详解

　　托福写作高分范文逐段详细讲解内容如下：

　　The most important character of a successful politician or leader is good communication skill.是否同意交流技巧是成功的政客或者领袖最重要的品质? 【原创范文赏析】

　　【首段】背景介绍 + 争议焦点 + 作家立场

　　Such is human nature to strive for the position of a leader, for a highly qualified leader could temper his or her comprehensive talents, earn the maximum admiration and respect after obtaining the objectives. People differ greatly in their views as to what makes qualified leaders. An opinion springs up that communication skill tops all. As I see it, a good speech-craft is crucial for a leader，however，it is never the only standard of eminent leaders. 翻译：

　　想做领袖是人之本性，领导者可以锻炼自己的多方面的能力，领导者在带领团队取得胜利的时候，会赢得最多的赞美和尊敬，关于领导力的内涵，仁者见仁智者见智，有人认为，交流技巧最为重要，我认为，口才对于领袖至关重要，但是不是唯一的体现。

　　【二段】让步段：让步口才对于领袖的意义——以美国总统为例证

　　Effective communication ability must fall into the qualities of eminent leaders. To be the leader is what many of us aspire after, although not everyone could fulfill this dream. The connotation of leadership might include many elements. First-class speech-craft and perfect communication skills is, by all means, the manifestation of mighty leadership both for politicians and leaders. First, as for politicians, effective communication skills help to quickly r...

　　马上要迎来托福考试了，在考前同学们再看看托福写作相关的东西，加强一下记忆。出国留学网托福栏目为大家带来2016年托福写作中的语句多样化组成，希望能帮到大家哦!

　　2016年托福写作中的语句多样化组成

　　句法多样化专题 (Syntactic Variety)

　　1.并列

　　a)并列大量名词: n1, n2, n3, …, and nn

　　i.A, B, C, … and other Xs…

　　ii.X, such [Y] as A, B, C…, …

　　b)并列名词性成份: n. + what/how/whether/if… [并列复杂句]

　　i.what = something that

　　ii.how = the way/manner in which

　　c)并列形容词性成份

　　i.a1 and a2 + n

　　ii.a1 + yet/but + a2 + n

　　iii.a1, a2 + n + that…

　　iv.a1, a2, so a3 that/as to…

　　d)并列副词性成份

　　i.ad1 and ad2

　　ii.ad1 + yet/but + ad2

　　iii.ad1, ad2, prep.

　　iv.ad1, ad2, so ad3 that/as to…

　　e)并列动词

　　i.并列动词

　　a)…v1…, v2-ing…, v3-ing…

　　b)S1 + v1-ing, S2 + v2 …

　　ii.并列句子

　　a)…, and therefore/thus/consequently/subsequently…

　　b)not only/simply/merely… but also/…as well/even…

　　c)neither… nor…

　　d)not that… but that…

　　f)并列从句: … that…, and that…[并列复杂句]

　　i.that引导的宾语从句

　　ii.that引导的定语从句

　　iii.that引导的主语从句

　　2.重复成分

　　a)重复形容词

　　i.… a. …, so a. that/as to…

　　b)重复名词 (同位语结构)

　　i.… n., n that…

　　ii.原样重复

　　iii.同义重复

　　a)归纳

　　b)演绎

　　3.从句

　　a)whether/if/what/how做宾语

　　b)when/whenever; while + ...

　　距离下一场托福考试只剩下19天了，出国留学网托福栏目为大家带来托福写作中的“鸟笼逻辑”解析，希望对大家备考托福有所帮助!

　　托福写作中的“鸟笼逻辑”解析

　　在托福写作的时候，我们经常会被套入“鸟笼逻辑”的枷锁中，逐步缩小了自己的思维范围和空间。那么，什么是“鸟笼逻辑”呢?当有一个空空的鸟笼放在房间里，我们通常会怎么做呢?那么，多数人都是会做出两种选择：要么扔了这个鸟笼;要么再买只鸟放在鸟笼里。因为每个看到空鸟笼的人都会问："鸟呢?死了吗?"于是你解释并没有养过鸟，人们又会继续发问那没养鸟为何放只鸟笼呢?最后你也去摆脱这只鸟笼，或者按照大家的惯性思维去养着鸟。这也就是我们常说的“鸟笼逻辑”，而这样的问题，也经常会发生在我们托福写作中。

　　在托福独立写作的过程中，由于受到“鸟笼逻辑”的影响，我们往往会很固化的陷入一种惯性思维模式中，很难在短短半个小时内找到思维难度小、说理效度高的论证方法。比如：Agree or disagree: digital books will replace printed books in the future.对于这样的一道托福写作题目，如果依照常理的判断，纸质书籍是不会消失的，但是，如果仅仅从题目的层面上去思考，我们呢就为把之后内容局限于电子书与纸质书的互斥中，从而导致了论述中逻辑的混乱。而如果，我们抛开这些惯性思维，寻找电子书籍优于纸质书籍的长处，那么相信难度就并不大了。比如，方便、环保和省钱等等。

　　而想要走出托福写作中的“鸟笼逻辑”，首先就是要让自己的文章言之有物。有时，在我们构思一个托福写作主题的时候，会感觉到构思时觉得该立意比较新颖，又能切合主题，继续写下去不无可能。但真正落笔时却不知道该如何说明人们性情转变这一抽象情况，并且自己平常生活中对此也并无较深入的感受和经验，结果说了一句话拓展就不得不匆匆收尾，导致读者要不就读得“意犹未尽”，要不就干脆觉得“云里雾里”。与其这样，还不如选个常见思路，如：快速的生活节奏造成压力，来展开拓展，这样即能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。

　　同时，在应对托福写作惯性思维误区的时候，我们还要特别关注好整篇文章中几个分论点的支持理由是不是有重复论述的问题产生。其实，对于这样的一个问题，最为重要的就是表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。

　　总之，在托福独立写作的过程中，清晰的逻辑思维是个非常总要的环节，希望以上内容能为大家的托福写作备考带来帮助。

　　托福作文栏目推荐：

　　托福写作必备谚语

　　托福写作想要拿高分平时需要多积累经验，出国留学网托福栏目为大家提供托福写作素材之领导特质解析，希望对大家备考托福有所帮助哦!

　　托福写作素材之领导特质解析

　　That is a good advice for any leader in a senior position: remain open to ideas from anywhere. I recall a CEO I worked for who regularly called front line staffin his company. He wanted to keep tabs on the pulse of the organization but also to glean suggestions that may have.

　　When a leader demonstrates he is open to new ideas, he makes it known thathe values others. One executive I know in health care makes it a practice tokeep her door open to anyone in the company. That sets the tone for other executives in the organization. Such a practice goes more than gleaning for the “next big thing,” it communicates that the leader values the contributions of others.

　　....(省略)

　　Time, as anyone in charge knows, is a leader’s chief resource. He or she must spend it wisely. And when a leader chooses to spend that time listening to others, or even rejecting their idea with reasons why, they demonstrate a keen understanding of people.

　　Rejecting ideas with reasons is an acknowledgement of personal dignity. It connotes that you care about something about the other person – not in a touchy-feely way – but in a manner that is professional. It shows that a leader respects other people. Respect is an all too often neglected aspect of leadership.

　　We ...