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2020考研英语：翻译之被动语态句式
被动语态句式怎么译?
主动和被动语态的对比：
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
①isam are ②do/does(V.V.s) amis are +done(V. p.p)
一般将来时
willbe going tobe (about) to +do(V.) will +be +done(V. p.p)
一般过去时
①waswere ②did(V.-ed) waswere +done(V. p.p)
现在进行时
amisare +doing(V.-ing) amisare +doing +done(V. p.p)
过去进行时
waswere +doing(V.-ing) waswere +doing +done(V.p.p)
现在完成时
have has +done(V. p.p.) havehas +been +done(V. p.p)
过去完成时
had +done(V. p.p.) Had +been +done(V. p.p.)
情态动词
情态动词+V.
情态动词+be +done(V. p.p.)
过去将来时
would/should +V. would/should be + done(V. p.p.)
翻译时有以下几种翻译方法：
①译成汉语被动句：使用"被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为……所"等词。
②增加主语，即动作的实际发出者，或虚拟发出者。
③译成汉语无主句
另外还有一些常用被动句型的习惯译法，需要平时积累，比如：
It is hoped that... 希望……，有人希望……
It is assumed that... 假设……，假定……
It is claimed that... 据说……，有人主张……
It is believed that... 有人想信……，大家相信……
It is reported that... 据报道……，据通报……
It is considered that... 人们认为……，据估计……
It is said that... 据说……，有人说……
【试题例句】
It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of s...