2014高中英语语法大全：There be 句式

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　　There be 句式

　　―There be‖ 表示“存在”意义。本文对其用法作一归纳，供同学们参考。

　　一、There be +n.+现在分词/过去分词/不定式。此句式中的非谓语动词用作定语。例如：

　　1. There were so many people watching the fire that the firefighters could not get close to the

　　burning building.

　　2. The minerals stay in the lake, because there is no river flowing out of the lake.

　　3. There is someone at the gate to see you.

　　4. There were millions of people killed in the war.

　　二、there be构成的独立主格结构在句中作状语，表示原因，条件等。例如：

　　1. There being no bus, he had to walk home.

　　(= As there was no bus, he had to walk home.)

　　2. There having been much rain, the potatoes went bad in the soil.

　　(= Since there had been much rain, the potatoes went bad in the soil.)

　　三、there常与seem to be, appear to be, be sure to be, be likely to be, happen to be等连用，为there be

　　句式增添新的含义。例如：

　　1. There seem to be several reasons for changing their minds.

　　2. There is sure to be a restaurant near here.

　　3. There are likely to be more difficulties than we expected.

　　4. There happened to be nobody in the office.

　　四、there be可用于下列句式：

　　1. There is no use arguing with the old woman.

　　2. There is no good smoking. You’d better give it up.

　　3. There is no need to leave a message.

　　4. There is no sense (in) making your parents angry.

　　5. There is no harm (in) taking more exercise.

　　6. There is no point (in) punishing such a little boy.

　　五、there be中的be表示“存在”概念， 它可以由下列表示“存在”意义的动词取代：

　　A. there和exist, remain, live, lie, stand等静态动词连用，表示一种状态。例如：

　　1. Once there lived a king who only cared for new clothes.

　　2. There stands a tower in the center of the city.

　　3. There remains nothing to be done.

　　B. there与come, go, occur, enter, follow, rush, run等动态动词连用，描述某事的发生或某人、

　　某物的到达。例如：

　　1. There occurred a world-shaking incident that year.

　　2. There followed a terrible noise after the sudden burst of light.

　　3. There comes a bus.

　　4. There goes the bell.

　　六、 there be可以和情态动词连用。例如：

　　1. ―There must be some mistakes.‖ said Dr. Baker.

　　2. If you think there may be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rock, not on sand.

　　3. There can’t have been much traffic so late that evening.

　　七、there可以和be的各种时态连用。例如：

　　1. There will be/is going to be an important exam next week.

　　2. There have been great changes in our hometown since 1978.

　　3. He said there was going to be/would be a film this evening.

　　八、主谓一致。在there be句式中，真正的主语是其后的名词、名词短语或代词，形成倒装句式，

　　但这种倒装句没有相应的自然语序。be动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如出现并列主语，be动词一般应与最靠近它的主语保持人称和数的一致。例如：

　　1. There is a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.

　　2. There are three books, two pencils and a pen on the desk.

　　九、如果陈序部分是由there be句式构成，则应注意其末尾简短问句的构成。例如：

　　1. There is a bike in the garden, isn’t there?

　　2. There used to be a well in the yard, usedn’t/didn’t there?

　　3. There seems to be a tall tree behind the house, doesn’t there?