想要申请美国大学，推荐信是必不可少的，并且如果是相关领域非常牛逼教授的推荐信，还能为你的申请加分不少，那么推荐信到底该怎么写呢?请看出国留学网为大家的分析，希望能对大家有启发。
其实，推荐信是否有用，我们不妨来看分析一封推荐信：
Dear [recipient’s name]: or To Whom it May Concern:
It is my pleasure to recommend Jane Doe for admission to [name of program] at [name of university]. I ama fifth-year Ph.D. student at the University of California, Berkeley. I came to know Jane when I was her Graduate Student Instructor for Philosophy 111: Ethical Relativism, taught by Professor John Smith. The course comprised [short description of course]. Jane distinguished herself by submitting an exceptionally well researched and interesting project on ethical practices in ancient Greece. I would rank her in the top 2% of students that I have taught in the past five years in respect of her writing ability and research skills.
Overall, Jane is highly intelligent and has good analytical skills. Her project on ethical practices in ancient Greece demonstrated her ability to come a detailed understanding of the ethical practices of another, very different, culture, and to analyze the consequences of those practices for contemporary ethical theories. She gave a particularly interesting discussion of the difficult practice of infanticide, and showed both sensitivity and detachment when discussing its ethical consequences. Her overall intelligence is also reflected in her grades for the course, which were by far the best in the class.
首先，推荐信的第一段一般都会介绍一下大体情况。推荐人是谁，身份的说明。比如这封推荐信的推荐者是教授,于是该推荐信解释了学生在他门下所修的课程，学习的情况以及总体对该学生的印象。在这个第一段，我们就看出该教授对这个学生的发自内心的了解的诚挚的推荐。
Jane has excellent communication skills. Her written work is both clear and concise, as well as interesting to read. She demonstrated her oral articulateness in the discussion sections that were an integral part of the course. Each discussion section focused on a particular ethical dilemma. Students were required analyze morally problematic situations, and to develop and argue for their own ethical views with regard to the issue in question. Jane was highly proficient in applying the course material in analyzing the problem situations. She always explained her views very concisely and gave supporting arguments that were both clear and persuasive. Jane also demonstrated good teamwork skills in group assignments.
At a personal level, Jane is a well disciplined, industrious student with a pleasant personality. She went well beyond the course requirements in the quantity and quality of her project, putting in a lot of extra research and attending office hours every week. Throughout the course, Jane demonstrated great perseverance and initiative. Not only was she interested in and motivated to learn the material, but she also put great work into assimilating it to her own experience and developing her own ideas about each ethical topic that we discussed.
Jane is unquestionably an exceptional candidate for graduate study in Ethics. Jane’s work in Philosophy 111 suggests that she would greatly benefit from the opportunities for intellectual development provided by a sustained period of graduate study. She has proven herself to have the perseverance, initiative, and intellectual creativity necessary to complete an advanced graduate degree. I would therefore highly recommend Jane Doe. If her performance in my class is a good indication of how she would perform as a graduate student, she would be an extremely positive asset to your program.
接下来,推荐信一般会用一到两段，具体写一些有关申请人在课堂上的表现,如完成的研究计划、实验室研究、研究报告、考试的成绩、课堂态度、讨论课的参与等,举出实例。通过这些生动、活泼和详实的案例非常直接有利的勾勒出学生的整体性格。比如学生的良好的沟通技巧、道德层面的美德、严谨的逻辑思考能力、积极主动性等。以期力荐学生的实力和适应未来的潜能。
If I can be of any further assistance, or provide you with any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Yours sincerely
综上，我们不难发现一篇好的推荐信，有以下特点：
1.选择性
在写推荐信之前，我们要评估找到的推荐人是否对申请有益，也就是说这个推荐人所举荐的内容是否和申请的专业相匹配，是否能够通过推荐人的描述去匹配申请人的性格或是学术上的能力。在校学生，优先选择专业课任课老师、论文指导老师以及院系领导。 这样能很好的写清楚你和老师因为授课原因结识，之后在课堂上的表现老师也能比较清楚的写出，也具有可信度。那么，推荐人对申请者的评估基准就也会顺理成章，你在班级或年级的排名也就有了非常确信的依据。 国内学生对于“权威”的认可度一直都比较高，所以我们会发现很多申请者偏向于选择头衔很大的或者行政职位很高的人作推荐者，却忽略了一个问题：你如何陈述这些“牛人”与你的关系呢?“合适”才是选择推荐人的关键。
2.突出闪光点
在突出闪光点这块，可以分解为四点。
第一点为网罗申请者的优势：我们要思考申请这个专业的理由，申请人具有哪些技能和经验能否在众多竞争者中胜出，在过往的经验中，已经取得的成就。
第二点为描述申请者的特性。每年招生办公室都会都到数以千计的推荐信，有的时候脱颖而出的原因就在于个性因素，比如招生官希望看到申请者的成就，申请者在工作中是如何克服障碍，这些经历对于未来获得成功的影响，申请者是否具有良好的领导力和对问题解决的创造力。对专业性较强的申请者，比如理工科，医学等，论文指导老师能够在信中从专业角度对研究潜力进行评述。 对于申请商科类的学生，还需要强调自己在理论学习外的能力，比如沟通能力、团队领导能力、解决问题的能力等。
第三点为注意一体性。招生委员会不仅仅是要看一个人的品性，更是会周全的考虑一个班级的人员配置。因此，学生的性格也是招生官考量的一部分。比如学生是不是有幽默感，是不是一个好的倾听者，是不是有自己的特长?像这样的细节，不会出现在简历中，但是出现在推荐信中往往可以做出很大的帮助。一般在院系领导的推荐信中，在课业之外的表现比如社团活动、领导力、沟通力等也能非常合理的提出，从而使推荐信的整体更具有力度。
第四点为注意用词。推荐信中，像 “hardworking,” “enthusiastic,” or “creative”这样的形容词不能进行很好的量化，要尽量避免过于浮夸或者含糊的用词，尽可能的使用案例。
3.注意细节
推荐信的写法一般都有固定的格式，一般创新型推荐信比较罕见，因此需要同学们注意书写格式和控制推荐信的长短。目前美国院校基本都是网络推荐信，我们还要注意和推荐人沟通网推的时间，避免选择的推荐人太忙，而没有时间给学校发送推荐信等细节。
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