考研英语应用文写作七大要素

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  考研英语应用文写作七大要素

  ►要素一:称呼

  ①知道姓名:Dear+Mr./Ms./Mrs.+姓氏,

  ②不知道姓名:Dear Sir or Madam.

  ③较为亲近:Dear +名字,(中国人用全名)

  ►要素二:自我介绍

  ① My name is Li Ming,who is×××.

  ② I am Li Ming,who is ×××.

  ►要素三:写作目的

  ①I am writing the letter in purpose of expressing my 主题名词 to you for 事件.

  翻译:我写这封信的目的是要表达我对(时间)的(主题名词)。

  ②The purpose of letter that I am writing is to express my 主题名词 to you for 事件.

  翻译:我写这封信的目的在于表达我对(事件)的(主题名词)。

  ►要素四:信函内容

  ①原因:为什么写信,目的何在?

  ②建议:通过相应的建议,体现写作目的。

  ►要素五:表达感谢

  ①Thank you for your time and consideration.感谢你的时间和耐心。

  ② My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.对于你的慷慨帮助,我的感激之情溢于言表。

  ③ Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you . 我难以用言语来表达对你真诚的感谢。

  ④ For all you have done for me ,my true gratitude is beyond the word's deion.对你为我所做的一切,我真诚的感激溢于言表。

  ►要素六:期待回信

  ①期待尽快回信:I am looking forward to your reply soon.

  ②期待满意答复:I Look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.

  ③期待对方关注:Your prompt attention to my letter would be highly appreciated.

  ►要素七:落款

  ①万能用法:Yours sincerely,/Sincerely yours,

  ②私人信件:Best wishes,/Best regards,/Warmest regards,/You ever,/Yours,/Cordially,

  ③亲密关系Affectionately,/Yours Affectionately,/Love,/Lovely,

  /Cheers,/Your devoted friend,/Your loving father(mother,son...)

  ④公务信件:Yours faithfully,/Yours truly,/Yours respectfully,/Yours gratefully,/Yours cordially.

  考研英语作文精简版主题词汇

  ►文化教育生活类

  保健食品

  health-care food

  暴发户

  new rich; upstart

  民工潮

  farmer’s frenzied hunt for work in cities

  下岗工人

  laid-off workers

  人口老龄化

  aging/ graying population

  人口负增长

  negative population growth

  流动人口

  moving population

  收视率

  viewing rate

  售后服务

  after-sale service

  自由职业者

  free lancer

  性别歧视

  sexual discrimination

  性价比

  cost performance

  水货

  smuggled goods

  水土流失

  soil erosion

  跳槽

  job-hopping

  甩卖

  clearance sale

  公益广告

  public-interest advertisement

  出国热

  craze for going abroad

  社会福利制度

  the social welfare system

  享受公费医疗

  enjoy public health care

  世界卫生组织

  World Health Organization (WHO)

  贺岁片

  New Year film

  记者招待会

  press/ news conference

  传销

  pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

  ►环境法律医疗类等

  温室效应

  green-house effect

  沙漠化

  desertification

  过度放牧

  overgrazing

  过度捕鱼

  over-fishing

  滥砍乱伐

  clear-cutting

  退耕还林

  return cultivated land to forest

  沙尘暴

  sand storm

  生态危机

  ecological crisit

  破坏生态平衡

  destroy / upset the ecological balance

  自然保护区

  nature reserve

  公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序

  a new and rational new international political

  and economic order

  外交纷争

  diplomatic disputes

  维护世界和平

  safeguard world peace

  国际惯例

  international common practice

  世界的基本格局

  basic world pattern

  ►经济贸易类

  改革产业结构

  reform the structure of industries

  亏损企业

  loss-making enterprises

  搞活企业

  enliven enterprises

  加快现代化步伐

  quicken the modernization drive

  跨国公司

  transnational corporation / multinational

  corporation

  乡镇企业

  township enterprises

  国有企业

  state-owned enterprises

  解放生产力

  emancipate/ liberate productivity

  全面深化改革

  deepen reform all round

  提高经济效益

  improve economic results

  经济实力

  economic strength

  整顿经济秩序

  rectify economic order

  引进竞争机制

  introduce a competitive mechanism

  技术密集型企业

  technologically-intensive enterprises

  房地产

  real estate

  经济特区

  special economic zone

  基础设施

  infrastructure facilities

  豆腐渣工程

  jerry-built projects

  按劳分配

  distribute according to the work performance

  沿海开放城市

  open coastal cities

  保税区

  bonded zone/ area

  国民生产总值

  Gross National Product

  扶贫项目

  anti-poverty project

  协调发展

  coordinate the development

  社会保障体系

  social security system

  数字时代

  digital times

  虚拟社区

  virtual communities

  市场萧条

  slack market

  假冒伪劣商品

  fake and poor quality commodities

  谋取暴利

  reap colossal profits

  投诉

  lodge complaint

  乱收费

  random charges

  实行优惠政策

  launch a preferential policy

  繁荣市场

  flourish the market

  加入世贸组织

  accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

  消费者协会

  consumer’s association

  抑制消费

  control / inhibit consumption

  市场占有率

  market share

  泡沫经济

  bubble economy

  品牌效应

  brand effect

  贸易壁垒

  trade barrier

  人才流失

  brain drain

  企业文化

  corporate culture

  商业炒作

  commercial speculation

  扩大内需,刺激消费

  expand domestic demand and consumption

  拉动经济增长

  fuel economic growth

  竞争优势

  competitive edge

  经济结构调整

  economic restructuring

  灰色收入

  gray income

  分期付款

  installment payment

  促进全球经济一体化

  foster integration with the global economy

  脱贫致富

  shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to

  prosperity

  ►政治类

  不正之风

  bad / harmful practice

  奔小康

  strive for a better-off life

  持续发展

  sustainable development

  科学技术是第一生产力

  Science and technology are the primary

  productive force.

  反腐倡廉

  fight corruption and build a clean government

  核心竞争力

  core competitiveness

  讲诚信﹑反欺诈

  honor credibility and oppose cheating

  廉政建设

  build a clean and honest government

  贪污腐化

  corruption and degeneration

  发展是硬道理

  Development is an invariable truth

  坚持四项基本原则

  uphold the four cardinal principles

  拜金主义

  money worship

  行贿受贿

  give and take bribery

  走后门

  get in by the back door / enter by the back

  door

  坚持一个中国立场

  stick to one-China position

  与国际接轨

  synchronize with the world; accord with

  international norms

  实现中华民族伟大复兴

  bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

  知识产权

  intellectual property right

  综合国力

  comprehensive national strength

  与时俱进

  keep pace with the times

  养老保险

  endowment insurance

  世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观

  world outlook, outlook on life and values

  ►教育科学技术类

  可持续发展战略

  strategy of sustainable development

  工业园区

  industrial park

  电脑病毒

  computer viruses

  电子商务

  e-commerce; e-business

  黑客 hacker

  人工智能

  artificial intelligence

  信息高速公路

  information highland

  网民

  netizen

  克隆

  cloning

  基因工程

  genetic engineering

  转基因食品

  genetically modified food

  主页

  home page

  网恋

  cyber romance; virtual romance

  填鸭式教学

  cramming method of teaching

  启发式教学

  heuristic education

  复合型人才

  interdisciplinary talent

  素质教育

  quality-oriented education

  九年制义务教务教育

  nine-year compulsory education

  德智体美劳全面发展

  all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

  知识产权

  intellectual property

  因材施教

  teach students according to their aptitude

  学术交流

  academic exchanges

  攻读硕士学位

  study for a doctoral degree

  文科生

  students of liberal arts

  理科生

  students of science

  择优录取

  enroll the excellent students

  毕业论文

  graduation thesis

  毕业设计

  graduation project

  义务教育

  compulsory education

  选修课程

  optional courses

  主修课程

  major courses

  教育部

  Ministry of Education


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