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2020考研英语翻译：阅读文章的辨析
语篇训练1：
Patient learning 1
A new kind of online school wants to teach nursing, and more
The firm devotes about a third of its time and resources to finding jobs for its graduates, an unusually high share. Another third goes to recruiting students and the rest to teaching. Courses are created with employers’ requirements in mind. For its web-development programme, the list given to Lambda by companies runs to 280 items. Unlike coding, nursing cannot be taught entirely over the internet, so Lambda wants to co-operate with nursing schools across America that could provide the necessary hands-on instruction.
After nursing, Lambda plans to work its way down the list of professions with the biggest job shortages. It is also examining the problem from the other side, identifying available jobs that require skills akin to those of victims of automation–truckers displaced by self-driving lorries or call-centre workers replaced by robocalls.
Lambda’s quirks set it apart in Silicon Valley, but Mr Allred is not the first to recognise the value of work-focused education and training. Germany is famed for its widespread vocational training and apprenticeships. Closer to California, the University of Waterloo, a technology-oriented Canadian institution, has had gainful employment within the field of study as one of its core goals since it was founded 62 years ago. Students seeking an internship can enroll in a special scheme which matches them with firms. Norah McRae, who runs the programme, says that most universities spend little time finding work for the graduates, or teaching the skills they need to prosper in the job market. Too often students are treated as cash cows to be milked for research funding.
But Ms McRae is also concerned that programmes like Lambda School, though well-meaning, risk undermining existing educational institutions by offering a quicker route to work. The kind of intense optimisation which Lambda espouses cannot, she worries, replace conventional learning, which strives to create not just capable workers but rounded individuals.
Such fears presuppose that Lambda can succeed beyond even Mr Allred’s wildest dreams–or those of the venture capitalists who pumped $30m into the firm in January, valuing it at $150m. Student numbers, and so upfront costs, are growing faster than revenues. If Lambda can turn a profit by offering people a stab at a decent job, that would be a fine lesson in capitalism.
语篇参考翻译
学习护理
一种新型网校想要教授护理和其他很多职业技能
兰姆达将三分之一左右的时间和资源花在为毕业学员找工作上，这么高的比重不常见。另外三分之一用于招生，三分之一用于教学。课程是根据雇主的要求而设计的。在它的网站开发课程中，企业开给兰姆达的需求多达280项。而护理有别于编程，不可能完全过互联网教授，因此兰姆达希望与全美各地能提供要操作实训的护校合作。
在开展护理培训后，兰姆达还计划逐个进军其他人员最紧缺的职业。同时它也从另一面审视问题，为那些被自动化淘汰的人员(例如被无人驾驶货车取代的卡车司机，或者被自动语音呼叫取代的呼叫中心员工)找到需要类似技能的就业岗位。
兰姆达的另类做法在硅谷独树一帜，但要说认识到以工作为导向的教育与培训的价值的，奥尔雷德并非第一人。德国就以职业培训和学徒制的普及而闻名。离加州更近些的滑铁卢大学是加拿大一所技术型大学。自62年前创办以来，该校一直将找到与学生专业对口的较高收入工作作为自己的重要目标之一。想找实习机会的学生可以注册一个将他们与企业相匹配的特别项目。负责该项目的诺拉·麦克雷(Norah McRae)表示，多数大学很少花时间帮助毕业生就业，也很少教授他们在就业市场获得成功所需的技能。很多时候，学生们都被当成了捞取研究经费的摇钱树。
但麦克雷也担心，像兰姆达学校这样的培训项目虽然出发点不错，但可能会因为提供就业上的捷径而损害现有的教育体系。她担心兰姆达倡导的那种密集型的优化培训并非是对传统教育的一种好的替代，因为后者致力培养的不仅是能胜任工作的员工，还是多方面发展的个体。
不过这种担忧成立的前提是兰姆达取得的成功要远远超出奥尔雷德本人的想象––或者那些今年1月向兰姆达投资3000万美元、对其估值1.5亿美元的风险投资家们的想象。目前，学生人数的增长以及由此带来的前期成本的增速––超过了收入的增速。如果兰姆达能过帮助人们拿下一份体面工作来赢利，那还真会是资本主义的一条有益经验。
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