That kind of snake/snakes is dangerous. 那种蛇很危险。
[注意]但"there/those kinds of+复数名词"作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 如： There kinds of tests are good . 这种测试很好。
Those kinds of apple trees have not yet grown up. 那种苹果树还没有长。 如果种类不是一种而是多种，谓语动词应为复数。例如 ： There are many kinds of pears.有很多种梨子。
二、逻辑意义一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。常见的有以下几种情况：
1、表示总称意义形单意复的名词，如people, police, cattle 等作主语时，只当作复数看待，谓语在任何情况下都用复数。如：
Cattle are one cause of the problem.造成戈壁滩的原因之一是牲畜问题。
The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain.警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯。
2、以集体名词army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team，crew，crowd，public等集体名词作主语时，谓语应视其情况而用不同形式：当作主语被看作一个整体时，谓语用单数，如果被看成是其中的个体成员时，谓语就用复数。如：
Our class is better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school. 在打篮球方面，我们班胜过我们学校的任何一个班。
Our class are playing a basketball match tomorrow. 我们班同学明天要举行一场篮球赛。 Our family is not poor any more. 我们家已经不再贫困了。
My family all speak the Intuit language.我一家人都讲因努伊特语。
[注意]population 单独使用作主语时，谓语动词用单数;而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
Most of the population of the city are workers.这个城市人口的大多数是工人。 One third of the population now smoke.三分之一的人口在吸烟。
The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers.我们国家人口众多，而80%的人口是农民。
3、当一些有两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如glasses, trousers(裤子), shoes ，chopsticks(筷子),goods(货物),scissors(剪刀),socks, compasses(圆规) ，但如果这些名词前有a pair of，等量词修饰时，(clothes被修饰a suit of)，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如：
Your trousers need washing. 你的裤子该洗了。 My glasses are new. 我的眼镜是新的。
A pair of compass is an instrument for drawing circles.圆规是画圆的工具。 A pair of new shoes is in your suitcase.一双新鞋在你的手提箱里。 Two pairs of socks are enough for me. 对我来说，两双袜子就足够了。
4、由“pair, piece of +名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词与pair, piece等词保持一致与后的代词、名词无关。例如：
There is a pair of shoes left.只剩下一双鞋。
The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple.所有的石块被运到新建寺庙的地方。
5、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语，根据意义一致原则，通常被看作一个整体，其谓语用单数。 如：
Twenty years is a long time to us. 对于我们来说，20年是一段很长的时间。 One thousand pounds is a lot of money. 一千英镑是很大一笔钱。
6.某些形复意单的名词(如表示人名、地名、国名及组织、书籍、报刊等名称的专有名词和学科名词等)作主语，谓语用单数。 如：
Zhangjiajie is really a good place which is famous for its beautiful mountains.张家界的确是个好地方，它是以美丽的山而闻名的
Physics is a difficult subject to learn, I think. 我想，物理是一门难学的目。 The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。 News is travelling fast nowadays. 如今新闻播得很快。
The American film True Lies was directed by a world-famous director.美国影片《真实的谎言》是由一位世界著名的导演导演的。
7、如果主语由“the+形容词(分词)”担任时，往往根据意义一致原则，来决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。如果表示一类人时，谓语动用复数形式;如果指个人或抽象概念时，则谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
The old is taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家老人受到很好的照顾。 The sick is one of the students in our class. 那位病人是我们班的一个学生。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。
8、名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况，一般只指商店、公共建筑物、住宅等，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例如：
The baker's is on the side of the street.理发馆在街道的另一边。 My uncle's is not very far from here.我叔叔的家离这儿不太远。
9、数词作主语时，谓语用单数，但有四则运算中，谓语单、复数均可。如： Ten is a round number. 十是个整数。 Ten times five is / are fifty. 十乘五等于五十。
Three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty is / are one thousand.340 加660等于1000。 10.疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于它产本身的含义。如： Who teaches you English? 谁教你们英语? Who have gone there? 谁都已经去那儿了? Which is your room? 哪一间是你的房子? Which are your rooms? 哪几间是你的房子?
11、表示数量的短语“one and a half+名词复数”及“a+单数名词+and+a half”作主语时，谓语用单数。如：
One and a half oranges has been left on the table. 桌子上只剩下一个半桔了。 A month and a half has passed. 一个半月时间过去了。
12.某些单数同形的名词作主语时，依照意义一致的原则，表示单数意义时，谓语动词用单数;反之谓语动词则用复数形式。这类名词有：sheep，deer， fish，means(方法、手段)species (种类) -ance及以-ese/-ss结尾的表示民族的名词等)。例如：
One day this white sheep was lost. 有一天，这只白色的绵羊丢了。 There are many fish in the Jia Ling River. 嘉陵江时有很多鱼。
A Japanese is coming to visit our school tomorrow.明天有个日本人要来参观我们学校。 We Chinese are realizing the four modernizations. 我们中国人正在实现四个现代化。
三、就近一致原则，即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定，又称为毗邻一致原则。例如：
1、当or，either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also...，not...but....，whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词。例如：
Either you or Lily is to do the cleaning after supper. 不是该你，就是该莉莉在晚饭后打扫卫生。 Not only the mother but also the children were there.不但母亲在那里，而且孩子们也在那里。
2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起，而主语又不止一个，谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。例如：
Where is your mother and younger sisters? 你的母亲和妹妹们在哪儿?
There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌，一张桌子和三把椅子. 【考例】
Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[临沂市] A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited [答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态，又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China，可判断用现在完成时，排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要用“就近原则。
Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both [答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法，以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时，谓语用“就近原则”，cousins是复数，谓语用have been，排除C和D项;指两者用both。
【考例】Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (2004包头) A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers
答案：A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)
The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (2004山东烟台)
A. student, is B. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are [答案]: C
[命题立意]：本题考查主谓一致的用法。
[试题解析]：the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。 【考例】As the saying ________,"Where there is a will; there is a way. "[昆明市] A. go B. goes C. going D. went [答案]B.[解析] the saying为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词用goes。 但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。
What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。
【考例】 Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省] A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted
[答案]C.[解析] every year说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念，去掉B、D项;trees and flowers表达复数意义，所以选C项。 【考例】
---How much ________the shoes?
---Five dollars_________ enough. [年青岛市] A.is;is B are;is C.are;are D.is;are
[答案]B .[解析] 答案为B。shoes作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体，应按单数对待。
How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are
答案：B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
--There__________ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?
--All right, Mum. [福州市] A. is B. are C. was D. were
[答案]A.[解析]本题考查"there be”句型中be的数及时态，be在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词，所以be应使用单数形式，B、D两项可以排除。
Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[07临沂市]
A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited
[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态，又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China，可判断用现在完成时，排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要用“就近原则。
Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both [答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法，以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时，谓语用“就近原则”，cousins是复数，谓语用have been，排除C和D项;指两者用both。
【语法过关】
1.How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are
2.Not only his parents but also his brother ________ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.
A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 3.Neither my father ________ going to see the patient. A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is 4.Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers
5.The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. A. student, is B. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are 6.The number of the students in our class _____ 54. A. is B. are C. has D. have
7.Not only I but also Jane and Mary________ tired of having one examination after another. A.is B.are C.am D.be 8.A library with five thousand books ____to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 9.When and where to build the new factory _________yet. A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided
10.The number of people invited __fifty， but a number of them _____absent for different reasons. A.were，was B.was, was C.was，were D.were.were 11.Between the two buildings __________a monument. A.is standing B.standing C.stands D.stand 12.Many a student ___that mistake before. A.had made B.has been made C.have made D. has made 13.None of the money ____his. A.is B.are C.belongs D.were
14.About three—fifths of the work ________done yesterday. A.had B.was C.were D.have 15. Neither your sister nor mine _______the good news.Let's tell them. A.know B knows C.knew
【参考答案】
1.B.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
2.D.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由not only…but also连接两个并列主语，其谓语动词同相邻的
主语保持一致，谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来，所以用has gone而不用has been。
3.A.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。Neither…nor是一组连词，可连接连个并列主语，其谓语动词应同靠近的主语I保持一致, 因此应选A。
4.A.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)
5.C.[解析]本题考查主谓一致的用法。the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。
6.A.[解析]本题考查主谓一致的用法。the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选A。7.B。“不仅是我而且简和玛莉都已厌烦了一个接着一个的考试。”not only…需用到就近原则，but also之后又是两个人，是复数。故选B。
8.A.[解析] “一座藏书量是5000册的图书馆作为礼物送给了那个国家。”要找出这句话的主说是a library还是books，根据主谓一致原则with后面的短语是修饰、补充主语的情况的，故主语应是a library，又因为此题是被动语态，因此选择A。
9.A.[解析] “还未决定何时何地建设新工厂。”“两个并列连词+主语+谓语”作主语看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数，根据题意又应用被动语态，故选A。
10.C.[解析] “邀请人的数目是50人，但是许多人由于各种原因都缺席了。”“the number of+复数名词”意为“……的数量”，作主语，谓语动词用单数;“a number of+复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语，谓语动词用复数。
11.C.[解析] “一座纪念碑耸立在两楼之间。”倒装句的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。 12.D.[解析] “许多学生以前就犯过这种错误。”“many a”虽然表达复数概念，意为“许多”，但当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
13.A.[解析] “钱都不属于他。”none作主语，谓语动词单复数都可，但这里的money为不可数名词，因此用单数形式为好，而belong to才是“属于”的意思，所以选A。
14.B.[解析] “昨天做了大约3/5的工作。”主语含有分数，百分比等等，谓语动词要根据其后面的名词而定，是不可数名词和单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数，是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
15.B.[解析]句中的主语是your sister和mine，由并列连词neither…nor连在一起，所以谓语动词要与后一个主语mine相一致，这里mine指my sister。
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