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2020考研英语：长句小练精讲解析3
We have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
●这个句子的难点在于a certain conception of the American citizen后面是同位语a character[一般逗号两边都是名词或名词结构，可以联想同位语结构]，其后是一个who引导的定语从句：其中主句是who is incomplete，if引导条件从句，这个条件从句中的谓语动词assess跟了一个how引导的宾语从句。
【词汇】
●a certain某种
●conception 观念，概念
●competently本意是胜任地、合适地，此处演化成“准确地”
●assess v.评价，评估
●livelihood生活
【译文】
我们应该这样理解美国公民&mdash&mdash如果他不能准确判断自身的生活和幸福是如何受到外界影响的，那么他是个不完整的个体。
2句精讲：
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good. 【分析】
【分析】
●这句话结构的突破点是and，and后面是一个简单的主系表结构，前面比较复杂。the "shareholders"主语， as such作为修饰， had no knowledge of是谓语部分， the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen是宾语，employed by the company引导分词结构做后置定语，修饰前面的workmen， in which he held shares是定语从句修饰前面的company。
【词汇】
●shareholder股东
●as such这样的
●have no knowledge of 对…不了解不知道
【译文】
这样的"股东"对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需求一无所知，而且他们对劳资双方的关系不会产生积极的影响。
3句精讲：
Economists have been par...