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初三英语上册知识点:动词不定式
一、定义:
由to+动词原形构成。不定式是一种非限定性动词。而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。“动词不定式”由动词+不定式构成。动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。
二、动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形
(1)作主语
动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:把不定式置于句首。
如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。
如:
It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.
It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work?
It+be+形容词+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
It+be+形容词+of sb+to do It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.
It seems(appears)+形容词+to do It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;
在句型中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词。
在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式 ,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.
(3)举例
(1) It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comforta...