gre词汇精讲

astounding

【考法1】adj. 令人吃驚的，出乎意料的：causing astonishment or amazement

【例】The richness and variety of the undersea environment are astounding ．富饒而多樣的海底環境是令人驚奇

的。

【近】amazing, astonishing, blindsiding, dumbfounding, shocking, startling, stunning, stupefying

【反】unsurprising 平常的

astute

【考法1】adj. 機敏的，有洞察力的：having or showing shrewdness and perspicacity

【例】Astute salesmen know how to invest emotionally. 精明的推銷員知道如何進行感情投資。

【近】canny, smart, shrewd, perspicacious, clear-eyed, clear-sighted, savvy, hardheaded

【反】unknowing 無知的

asunder

【考法1】adv. 分離成多部分或多片：into separate parts or pieces

【例】broken asunder 打碎

【例】Buildings were burst asunder. 建築物已經被炸成碎片了。

【近】piecemeal

【反】in a piece 完整一片；together 在一起

【考法2】adv. 分離：apart from each other in position

【例】A quite conscience sleeps in thunder, but rest and guilt live far asunder. 平靜的良心能在雷聲中入睡，而

安寧和負罪則無法毗鄰。

【例】Our opinions are wide as the poles asunder. 我們的意見完全相反。

【近】apart

【反】together 在一起

bale

【考法】n. 痛苦，悲哀：woe, sorrow

【例】relieve spirit from the bale 從悲痛中解脫

【近】misery, suffering, anguish, grief

【反】joy 快樂

baleful

【考法1】adj. 有害的： harmful or malignant in intent or effect

【例】a policy with baleful effects 一個帶來不良後果的政策

【近】harmful, pernicious, detrimental

【反】beneficent 有益的

【考法2】adj. 凶兆的：foreboding or threatening evil

【例】a baleful look 面露凶色

【近】direful, doomy, ominous, ill-boding, minatory, portentous, sinister

【反】unthreatening 不構成威脅的

【考法3】adj. 致命的： likely to cause or capable of causing death

【例】a medicine that is beneficial in small doses but baleful in large 是藥三分毒

【近】deadly, fatal, lethal

【反】healthy, wholesome 有益健康的

balk

【考法1】v. 阻礙：to check or stop by or as if by an obstacle

【近】circumvent, frustrate, foil, thwart

【反】advance, forward, foster, nurture, promote 推進

【考法2】v. 不願接受，拒絕：to show unwillingness to accept, do, engage in, or agree to

【例】She balked at the very idea of compromise. 她固執地拒絕妥協的想法

【近】decline, refuse, spurn, repudiate, turn down

【反】accept, approve 同意

【派】balky adj. 倔強的

aspect

【考法1】n. 外表，容貌：appearance to the eye or mind

【例】His face had a frightening aspect. 他的臉很嚇人。

【近】appearance, look, figure, presence, mien

asperity

【考法1】n. （舉止、性情）粗暴：roughness of manner or of temper

【例】She responded with such asperity that we knew she was offended by the question. 她如此粗魯的回答問題

以至於我們知道這個問題冒犯到了她。

【近】roughness, crudity, rudeness, poignancy, harshness

【反】softness, mildness 脾氣好

【考法2】n. （環境）艱苦：rigor, severity

【例】He has encountered more than his share of asperities on the road to success. 在成功的道路上他已經遇到

過比他應該承受的更多的艱辛。

【近】severity, hardness, hardship, rigor

aspersion

【考法1】n. 誹謗，中傷：a false or misleading charge meant to harm someone's reputation

【例】cast aspersions on my loyalty 誹謗我的忠誠

【近】defamation, besmirchment, calumny, calumniation, maligning, obloquy, vilification

【反】glowing tribute, eulogy, extolling, laudation, praise, commendation, compliment 熱情讚賞，表揚；flattery,

adulation 拍馬屁

aspirant [?????????]

【考法1】n. 有抱負者, 有野心者：one who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position

【例】a bevy of ever-smiling aspirants for the Miss America title 一群想當美國小姐的少女

【例】Envy can make oneself backward, self-confidence can tells him to be a aspirant. 妒忌能使自己落後，自信

能使自己上進。

【近】seeker

【反】noncandidate 非候選人

【考法2】adj. 想成為…的：seeking to attain a desired position or status

adumbrate

【考法1】vt. 部分地或有保留地揭露：to disclose partially or guardedly.

【例】adumbrate a plan 透露計畫

【反】revelation 完全顯示

【考法2】vt. 預示著：to give a slight indication of beforehand

【例】The strife in Bloody Kansas adumbrated the civil war that would follow. 發生在堪薩斯州的流血衝突預

示了之後的南北內戰的爆發。

【近】forerun, harbinger, herald, prefigure

adventitious

【考法1】adj. 外來的，後天的：coming from another source and not inherent or innate

【例】Moral considerations are adventitious to the study of art. 道德的考量對於藝術研究來說是不必要的。

【近】alien, extraneous, external, foreign, supervenient

【反】constitutional, essential, intrinsic, inborn, inbred, innate, inherent 天生的

adversary

【考法1】n. 敵手，對手：one that contends with, opposes, or resists : enemy

【例】political adversary 政敵

【近】antagonist, foe, opponent

【反】ally, amigo, friend 聯盟，朋友

advert

【考法1】vi. 引起注意；提到：to call attention; refer:

【例】He adverted to the problem in the opening paragraph. 他開門見山地引出了問題。

【派】advertent a 留意的

【反】inattentive, remiss, heedless, negligent 疏忽的

advocate

【考法1】vt. 支持，提倡：to speak, plead, or argue in favor of; support

【例】advocates traditional teaching methods 提倡傳統教學方法

【近】back, champion, endorse, patronize

【反】impunge 提出異議

agonize

【考法1】v. 使非常痛苦：to feel deep sadness or mental pain

【例】agonizes over every decision 做每一個決定都非常痛苦

【近】anguish, suffer

airtight

【考法1】adj. 無瑕疵的： having no noticeable weakness, flaw, or loophole

【例】an airtight argument 滴水不漏、無懈可擊的論斷

【考法2】adj. 密封的，不透氣的：impermeable to air or nearly so

【例】an airtight seal 不透氣的封口

alacrity

【考法1】n. 反應迅速，樂意： promptness in response : cheerful readiness

【例】accepted the invitation with alacrity 欣喜地接受了邀請

【近】amenability, gameness, obligingness, willingness

【反】dilatoriness, hesitance and reluctance 拖延，猶豫和不情願

alibi【考法1】n. 不在場的證明；託辭，藉口：an excuse usually intended to avert blame or punishment (as for failure

or negligence)
【例】He always has a very creative alibi for undone homework. 他對於不完成作業總是有各種新奇的藉口。

【近】defense, justification, plea, reason

alienate

【考法1】v. 疏遠，離間：to make unfriendly, or indifferent especially where attachment formerly existed

【例】alienated most of his colleagues with his bad temper 因為他的壞脾氣，很多同事都和他疏遠了

【近】disaffect, disgruntle, sour

【反】unite, reunite, reconcile聯合，重新聯合，和好

【考法2】v. 轉移、變賣（財產或權利）：to convey or transfer (as property or a right) usually by a specific act

rather than the due course of law
【例】A landowner has a right to alienate his right of ownership. 地主有權利變賣自己的地產。

【近】assign, cede, deed, make over

abiding

【考法1】vt. 永久的： lasting for a long time; enduring

【例】an abiding love of Espanol 對西班牙語持久的熱愛

【近】ageless, enduring, eternal, everlasting, perennial, perpetual, timeless

【反】evanescent , ephemeral 短暫的

abject

【考法1】adj. 無精打采的：cast down in spirit, spiritless

【例】a man made abject by suffering 被生活折磨得無精打采的人

【近】spiritless

【反】spirited, excited, exultant 狂喜的，令人興奮的

【考法2】adj. （地位、身份）悲慘、淒涼的：sunk to or existing in a low state or condition

【例】abject poverty 讓人絕望的貧窮

【考法3】adj. 卑微的，討好的： expressing or offered in a humble and often ingratiating spirit

【例】abject flattery 卑躬屈膝般的恭維； an abject apology 討好般的、真心的道歉

【近】base, humble, menial, servile, slavish

abjure

【考法1】v. 發誓放棄： a firm and final rejecting or abandoning often made under oath

【例】abjure one’s belief 發誓放棄信仰

【近】recant, renege, renounce, abnegate, forswear (also foreswear), repudiate

【反】affirm, espouse, embrace 擁護

【考法2】v. 抵制，避免：to resist the temptation of

【例】abjure extravagance 抵制鋪張浪費

【近】keep (from), refrain (from), withhold (from)

【反】bow to, give in to, submit to, succumb to, surrender to, yield to 屈從於