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2020考研英语：大纲词汇背诵任务16
ensure 保证,担保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success
diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.
diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomat
discard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoes
discern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.
disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb.
discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.
discount 把(价格，费用等)打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid
when due.
discriminate 区别，辨别：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.
disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneself
entertain 给。。。娱乐,使有兴趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks
entitle 给。。。权利,给。。。资格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents
equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness
erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks
erect 竖直的,垂直的,竖起的:an erect tree
erupt (火山,喷泉等)喷发:The volcano is due to erupt any day
essence 本质,实质,要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness
eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths
evaluate 估价,评价:evaluate property
evaporate (使)蒸发,(使)挥发:Heats evaporate water
exaggerate 夸张,夸大,对…言过其实:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate
exceed 超出,胜过:Her performance exceeded all the others
external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease
descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.
extract取出,提取:extract a confession
extravagant奢侈的,浪费的:be extravagant in one’s way of living
fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock
facilitate使变得(更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle
East to Japan
fade (颜色)褪去:The color in this material will not fade
faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea
fancy想象力:Children usually have a lively fancy
fare车费,船费,飞机票价:full (half) fare
divorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce
dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated society
donate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.
doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.
doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair.
drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool
dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.
drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.
dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious reply
due 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.
dump 倾倒，倾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.
duplicate 完全一样的，复制的：a duplicate key
excess 超越,超过:an excess of supply over demand
execute 实行,实施,执行,履行:execute a plan
exemplify 例示,举例证明,是…的例证(或榜样等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word
exert 用力,尽力:exert all one’s strength
2020考研英语：大纲词汇背诵任务15
avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?
average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.
ban (以官方明令)禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city.
bang (突发的) sudden loud bang
cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme contempt
轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb
contest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract
合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with
contradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theory
defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.
degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏(into): Her eyesight degenerated with the years.
deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.
denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.
correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation
correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent
corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints
compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage
compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.
detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.
detect (当场)发现(某人在干坏事):detect a student cheating
deteriorate (使)恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.
deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule
devote 将...献给(to):Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.
compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems
comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences
comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.
confront (使)面临，(使)遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.
crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decision
cue 提示，暗号，信号：throw cues to sb
cultivate耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetables
differentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plants
diffuse 扩散(气体，液体等)：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.
disgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors
disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas
displace 移动。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters
dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display
disregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep working
distinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people
distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)pain
distract 使转向：be distracted from one’s original purpose
distribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winners
eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man
elite出类拔萃的人(或物),精华:the elite of the society
eloquent雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman
embark上船(或飞机,汽车等):embark for Europe at New York harbor
embody使具体化,表现:embody principles in actions
embrace拥抱:She embraced her son tenderly
enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future?
enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year
2020英语考研：常用词汇例题解析(13)
process，常用作名词“过程，进程，工序，法律(程序)”，但是这个单词在中的考察角度，不仅仅局限于此。Process还可以用作一个动词使用，那么其动词含义也就是这个词名词的动词化引申义&mdash&mdash“处理，加工”，一件产品，在经历一个个过程、进程、工序的过程中，就是这个产品在被加工处理着嘛。
例1：2007&mdashText1：Good memory depends on meaningful processing of information.
良好的记忆力取决于对信息的有意义的处理。
例2：2007&mdash新题型：process information in a passive way
以一种消极的方式处理信息
例3：2009&mdashText2：the company that processes the results
处理这些结果的公司
scholarship是同学们都希望得到的，知道这个单词的意思是奖学金。但是这个单词在中出现的意思可不仅仅这么局限于钱，总提钱，多俗啊。它还有“学问，学识”的含义。我们有例句为证：
例：2014&mdashText4：Maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.
保持国家在人文学科和社会科学知识及教育方面的优越性。
在这个句子当中，scholarship的意思就是知识的意思。
account这个单词，有的一说。因为这个单词的用法比较灵活。我们在初高中的时候，学习的这个单词的含义是“账户，账目”，由这个账户账目，进行引申，在账目或者账户中，某一金额“占”多少比例，并对这一账目，进行“说明”。这些都是这个单词我们相对来说比较熟悉的含义，当然了，有些同学们还是感觉这些意思也有的不熟悉，那么，老师要求大家，这个词的这些含义，可得全部掌握。然后我们才能谈这个单词的熟词僻义。那么以下的这些熟词僻义，虽说是这个词的生僻含义，但是实际上，这些意思也尤为重要，为什么这么说呢，我们来看以下的例句，在例句中，这些最熟悉的陌生人，总是影响着我们对于整句话的理解。
例1：2009&mdashText4：He left an account of his reasons for leaving England.
他留下了一个他离开英格兰理由的描述。
例2：2010&mdash完型：according to accounts of the experiments
根据实验的描述
例3：2010(2)&mdashText2：a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk
一个关于新书《离婚对话》的生动描述
在这些句子中，这个我们非常熟悉的词，却表达着生僻的含义。
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