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2021考研英语：英语应用文的写作思路
一、应用文常考类型之书信
1 写作思路：
建议信由三部分组成，开头，正文和结尾。其中开头和结尾和其他类型的书信是一样的，即大家比较熟悉的书信写作的基本格式。那建议信和其他类型的书信不同点就在于正文的写作思路有自己的独特之处。建议信的正文通关秘籍即“三步走”的策略。
首段：表示相关，表明目的。
中段：具体方案，附加原因。
尾段：表示期待。
2 语言表达：
(1)表示相关: I am... who...
(2)表明目的: I have some better suggestions for you.
(3)具体方案: Firstly，It would be greatly appreciated if you could....
(4)附加原因: Because... is making us more.... Moreover, .... are both necessary to our health/ life/ work.
(5)表示期待: I hope that you will find these suggestions helpful.
3优秀范文：
(1)真题展示：
Directions：
Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students’ physical condition.
You should include the details you think necessary.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
(2)优秀范文：
Dear President,
I am a student in this university who is taking charge of Sports Association. Generally speaking, the ways that you offer to improve our physical condition are quite good; however, I have some better suggestions for you.
Firstly, it would be greatly if you could set swimming and skating as student regular exercises, because exercise is always making us more energetic. Moreover, a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are both necessary to our health. So it is advisable for you to put emphasis on developing students’ good habits.
I hope that you will find these suggestions helpful.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
二、应用文常考类型之通知
1 写作思路：
通知的格式和书信的格式有所不同，包括题目，时间，正文和署名。
题目：Notice大写，首行句中。
时间：第二行的右边，如June 24，2017。
署名：最后一行靠右，不需写礼貌用语。
正文部分和书信保持一致，包括三部分首段，中段和尾段。
首段：通知目的，活动简介。
中段：具体要求。
尾段：表示期待，给出联系方式。
2 语言表达：
(1)So and so takes great pleasure in announcement that...
(2)It is hereby noted public that...
(3)Owing to..., we beg to inform that...
(4)If you are interested and willing to have a whole new experience, please send tour resume to...
(5)Your applicants are welcomed.
3优秀范文：
(1)真题展示：
Directions:
You are supposed to write for the Postgraduates’ Association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualifications for applicants and the other information you think is relevant.
You should write about 100 words.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “postgraduate association” instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
(2)优秀范文(范文中加粗部分为模板语言)：
Notice
June 24,2010
We are very pleased to announce that the Postgraduates’ Association is badly in need of volunteers for the international conference about globalization. It will be held from July 1 to 10 at Tsinghua University.
In the first place, the applicants are requested to speak English fluently and are expected to be active and open-minded. In Addition, the applicants who have the experience of being a part-time volunteer in similar events are preferred.
If you are interested, please do not send your resume to the following email address, postgraduates@tsinghua.edu.cn, before June 29.
Postgraduates’ Association
2021考研英语：写作必背素材句积累(2)
1. 历史上，人口过剩的问题从来没有比现在更加突出。
Never before in history has the issue of overpopulation been more evident than now.
2. 越来越多的人开始意识到财富不是幸福的唯一先决条件。
A growing number of people are beginning to realize that wealth is not the sole prerequisite for happiness.
3. 尽管科学技术取得了非凡的进步，但是在保证进步成果使尽可能多的人受益这方面还存在一些问题。
In spite of the extraordinary progress made in science and technology, problems remain in terms of guaranteeing that achievements benefit the greatest number of people.
4. 一位著名的思想家曾经写道：“对人类最大的威胁是人类自身!”如果事实确实如此，那么，现状应该促使我们对我们未来的生存进行思索了。
A famous thinker once wrote that “the greatest threat to mankind is mankind itself!” If this is indeed the case, then the current situation should make us ponder our future existence.
5. 对人们行为的多年观察使我能够得出这样的结论：平庸和成功的主要区别仅仅在于相关的个人。成功的个人不断寻求进步，而他们比较懒惰的同时代人仅仅满足于现状。
Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude that the major difference between mediocrity and success lies solely with the individual concerned. Successful individuals consistently seek advancement, while their less industrious contemporaries are merely content with the status quo.
6. 传统的思维方式有了显著的变化。舆论发生了剧变，人们表现出更开放的思想以及决定他们自己命运的强烈愿望。
Traditional ways of thinking have changed dramatically. The pendulum has swung and people are exhibiting greater open-mindedness and a burning desire to determine their own destiny.
7. 近年来出现了对社会有害的拜金主义倾向。最近的一项调查表明，X%的调查对象把致富作为他们的首选，相比之下，就在几年前，只有X%的人这样想。为什么人们没能意识到财富不一定带来幸福呢?
There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money. A recent survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority, compared to X percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that wealth does not necessarily bring happiness?
8. 几个月前，我的一个朋友死于一场与酒后驾车有关的悲惨车祸。这件事情一点儿也不罕见，事实上是数以千计的案件的典型，这些案件与在酒精作用下开车的人有关。
Some months ago, a friend of mine was killed in a tragic automobile accident involving a drunk driver. The incident was far from rare, and was in fact typical of thousands of cases involving people driving under the influence of alcohol.
9. 简而言之，我们必须勤奋工作，为了下一代把世界变成更美好的地方。我们不应该坚持对环境有害的追求。
In short, we must work diligently to make the world a better place for coming generations. We must not persist in pursuits harmful to the environment.
10. 我们必须避免过分放纵和铺张浪费。相反，我们应该继续发扬节俭的优点以守护我们新获得的繁荣。
We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption. We must instead continue to recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity.
2021考研英语：写作必背素材句积累(1)
1. 涉及北京机动车使用量增加这一问题，有的人认为应该限制使用。另一些人持相反意见。
也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是，无论车辆多少，必须对废气排放实行控制。
When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing, some people think that use should be limited. Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, but emission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles.
2. 目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。反对流动工人增加的人认为这会导致犯罪率升高，从而危害社会稳定。他们主张应该严格限制进入中国城市的流动工人。但是，另一方面，支持廉价劳动力流入的人主张，为了支持大规模的城市基础设施建设规划，流动人口是必需的。
There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers. Those who object to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead to rising crime rates and harm social stability. They believe that strict limits should be placed on migrants entering China’s cities. But people who favor the influx of the cheap labor force, on the other hand, maintain that migrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure construction program.
3. 人们普遍认为过度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。专家认为中国必须推行大规模的植树造林计划。但我对仅仅植树造林就能解决问题表示怀疑。
It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding. Experts argue that China must introduce a massive forestation program. But I doubt whether forestation alone will solve the problem.
4. 大多数人认为财富为所有问题提供解决的办法。但是，我认为，尽管财富提供物质上的利益，一个人应该放弃物质至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。
Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems. But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides, I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness.
5. 越来越多的人通过互联网进入了“信息时代”。针对这一现象，一些人认为互联网消除了障碍，为人们提供了与世界即时链接的途径。但是，他们有没有意识到迅速发展的信息技术也能导致侵犯隐私?
An increasing number of people are joining the “Information Age” via the Internet. In reaction to the phenomenon, some say the Internet has removed barriers and provided people with immediate access to the world. But do they realize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to intrusions of privacy?
6. 最近，我们经常听到贫富差距扩大了的说法。一些人认为发达世界完全忽略了这个问题。事实是这样吗?细致的调查无法证实这一观点。
These days we often hear about the widening gap between the rich and poor. Some argue the developed world has totally ignored the problem. But has it? Close examination fails to bear out the argument.
7. 我们经常被告知世界处于毁灭的边缘。但事实真是这样吗?
We’re often told that the world is tethering on the brink of destruction. But is this really the case?
8. 许多人谈论的一个最严重的问题集中在缺乏足够的居住空间。
One of the most serious problems many people talk about centers on the lack of adequate housing space.
9. 也许当今困扰国家的最危险的现象是遍布各级政府的官员腐败。
Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is official corruption, which is pervasive in all levels of government.
10. 世界上越来越多的人认识到加强环境保护的必要性。
There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for strengthened environmental protection.
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