出国留学网专题频道关系词栏目,提供与关系词相关的所有资讯,希望我们所做的能让您感到满意! 关系词是引导定语从句的词称为关系词。

托福阅读中如何利用并列和递进关系词

托福考试 托福阅读 托福考试阅读

  对于初入托福的考生来说,都会感受到托福阅读的一个难点,那就是文章内容长、信息量大,如果不能准确的找到关键词,将会为阅读速度和解题准确率带来很大的影响。和出国留学网小编一起来看看托福阅读中如何利用并列和递进关系词。

  说到并列词,and一定是最先浮现在脑海中的;那么not also...肯定是递进关系词的榜首。在托福阅读的解题过程中,我们把并列和递进归为一类,这些词的前后一定句型结构相同,词性一样,方向一致。当我们知道这个规律之后,我们至少可以在词汇题上可以大幅度运用,利用方向帮助我们排除错误答案。下面就举例为大家讲解一下。

  例题1:

  Paragraph 5: There is little doubt, however, that desertification in most areas results primarily from human activities rather than natural processes. The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicateecological balance andare limitedin their potential to adjust to increased environmental nding populations are subjecting the land to increasing pressures to provide them with food and fuel.

  The word delicatein the passage is closest in meaning to

  Afragile

  Bpredictable

  Ccomplex

  Dvaluable

  在做词汇题时,如果我们认识这个词,就可以浏览选项,直接选出它的同义词,再把答案带入原文,看是否合适,这样做不仅快速并且保证正确率;如果这个单词我们不认识,亦或是不确定它的意思,我们可以分析这个单词所在的这句话,看看是否可以通过逻辑关系词来解答这道题。

  这句话我们看到有and,所以是并列结构,and连接了什么成分,从and之后开始看会更容易,这句话接的是are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures,所以并列两个动词短语,和前面的exist in a delicate ecological balance。and之后的方向明显是负的,因为有个表示“有限的”的形容词,所以and之前的信息也是负方向,我们再看看选项,除了fragile,predictable表示“可以预测的”中性词;complex“复杂的”中性词;valuable“宝贵的”正方向的词,所以答案是A。

  提醒广大考生们,表示并列的词还有:as well as, 表示递进的关系词有:besides, in addition to, additionally, moreover, furthermore, apart from。

  下面我们来看一道修辞目的题:

与关系词相关的托福阅读

托福阅读常见十类逻辑关系词

托福考试 托福阅读 托福考试阅读

  托福非常着重对考生语言逻辑性的考察,这一点在托福阅读和托福写作中都有所体现,对于托福阅读来说,掌握必要的逻辑关系词有助于我们更好更迅速地判断文章行文结构与语篇逻辑,和出国留学网小编一起来看看托福阅读常见十类逻辑关系词。

  1、Condition 条件/ 因为 (if )

  后面跟随着某种情况发生的前提或者是条件。

  if // unless // whether // provided that // // Given that // for // so that // whether // depending on

  2、Time 时间 (when )

  before // since // as // until // meanwhile // at the moment // when // whenever // as soon as // just as

  3、Summary 总结 (in a word)

  作者的最后总结

  in conclusion // in summary // lastly // finally // to sum up // to conclude // to recapitulate 重述 // in short // in a word

  4、Example举例 (for example)

  for example // for instance // just as // in particular // such as // namely 也就是

  5、Reason原因 ( because)

  since // as // so // because (of) // due to // owing to // the reason why // in other words // leads to // cause

  6、And 并列关系 (and)

  in addition // and // similarly // likewise // as well as // besides // furthermore // also // moreover // too// not only ... but // even // besides this/that

  7、Sequence 顺序 (then)

  出现的时候表示列举

  first// initially // second etc. // to begin with // then // next // earlier/later // following this/that // afterwards

  8、Consequence 结果 (so)

  前面是后面的结果 // 也就是这些词后面就开始给出结论了。

  as ...

与关系词相关的托福阅读

中考英语考点:定语从句的分类与关系词

中考英语 中考英语知识点 中考英语考点

  出国留学网为您整理“中考英语考点:定语从句的分类与关系词”,欢迎阅读参考,更多有关内容请继续关注本网站中考栏目。

  中考英语考点:定语从句的分类与关系词

  定语从句的分类

  根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

  限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

  定语从句的关系词

  引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。

  关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

  推荐阅读:

  中考英语考点精讲:定语从句与同位语从句

  中考英语考点:定语从句中的which和as

  中考英语知识讲解:定语从句与状语从句

  中考英语考点精讲:定语从句正误辨析

  中考英语考点精讲:定语从句的功用和结构

...

与关系词相关的中考英语

考研英语完型填空中常见的逻辑关系词有哪些

考研英语 考研英语完型填空 考研英语复习资料

  出国留学考研网为大家提供考研英语完型填空中常见的逻辑关系词有哪些,更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!

  考研英语完型填空中常见的逻辑关系词有哪些

  不知道小伙伴们发现没有,完形填空虽然难以攻克,但是一旦掌握了答题的策略和技巧,完形填空这座大山,也就没有想象中的那么难以逾越了。其实对小伙伴们来说,完形填空的困难更多的体现在逻辑辨析上,也就是说,对小伙伴们来说,逻辑辨析的能力是第一位的。但是英语和汉语之间又存在着很大的差异,小伙伴们在做题的时候要如何判断文章的逻辑关系呢?下面十种常见的逻辑关系词汇总,小伙伴们一定要牢牢记住,才能在日后做题的过程中一路畅通。

  因果关系

  because;for;since;as;therefore;consequently;hence;so;thus;so…that;such…that;in order that;accordingly(因此;于是;相应地);due to;thanks to;as a result;in that(=because);now that(既然);because of;considering that,seeing that;in response to;for this reason;

  转折关系

  but;however;on the contrary;contrarily;by contrast;in contrast;conversely;instead of;rather than;unlike,on the other hand;unfortunately;

  让步关系

  although;though;even though;even;even if;nevertheless;despite;in spite of;while;as;King as he was,he was not happy.Child as he is,he knows alot.Hard though/as he tried,he failed;

  对比关系

  while;whereas;as;instead of;rather than;not…but;

  列举关系

  firstsecondlast of all;in the first placein the second placefinally;to begin with to continue;first…then;on one hand…on the other hand;for one thing…for another;one…another;some…others…still others;

  时间关系

  when;whenever,before;after;since;as;while;until;till;simultaneously;meanwhile;in the meantime,at the same time;

  距离关系

  such as,for example,for instance,of(these,those,them);among(these,those,them),to illustra...

与关系词相关的考研英语

2017年成人高考《英语》国际关系词汇

成人高考英语词汇 成人高考英语国际关系词汇 成人高考英语重点

  你还在为考试烦恼吗?你还在为如何提高分数苦恼吗?那就来出国留学网吧,小编为你准备了英语的词汇哦,欢迎广大考生前来学习,希望你能轻松过考!

  protectorate(被)保护国

  asylum 庇护;避难

  forntier region,border region 边界地区

  boundary negotiation 边界谈判

  status quo of the boundary 边界现状

  never to attach any conditions 不附带任何条件

  non-aligned countries 不结盟国家

  patrimonial sea 承袭海

  consultations 磋商

  the third world 第三世界

  imperialism 帝国主义

  200-nauticalmile maritime rights 二百海里海洋权

  developing countries 发展中国家

  dependency 附庸国

  plebiscite 公民投票

  generally-accepted principles of international relations 公认的国际关系原则

  joint action 共同行动

  normalization of relations 关系正常化

  an established principle of international law 国际法准则

  rudimentary code of international relations 国际关系中最起码的准则

  international waters 国际水域

  international situation 国际形势

  merger of states 国家合并

  national boundary 国界

  maritime resources 海洋资源

  mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互谅互让

  exchange of needed goods 互通有无

  detente 缓和

  fundamental rights 基本权利

  reduction or cancellation of debts 减轻债务负担

  Near East 近东

  right of residence 居留权

  arms dealer,merchant of death 军火商

  territorial sea 领海

  limits of territorial sea 领海范围

  breadth of territorial sea 领海宽度

  territorial air 领空

  territorial waters 领水

  inalienability of territory 领土的不可割让性

  terr...

与关系词相关的成人高考英语

托福阅读中的逻辑关系词也是重点

托福阅读重点 托福阅读备考 托福阅读

  掌握了对的备考方案,你的托福之旅将坦荡无阻。出国留学网雅思栏目为您带来“托福阅读中的逻辑关系词也是重点”,希望对大家有所帮助。

  关系词从逻辑功能的实现来分类的话,一般可以分为转折(but)、让步(although)、对比(unlike)、并列(and)、递进 (moreover)、举例(for example)、因果(because)、类比(like)和总结(in general)这九类。而从所连接信息的方向来分的话,其实只有两类,第一类是改变方向,包括转折、让步和对比;其余剩下的都是第二类,维持方向。那么我们今天呢就着重看看改变语义方向,也就是转折,对比类的关系词能给我们的解题带来哪些启示。

  在托福阅读当中,转折对比类关系词包括哪些呢? 像but,however,yet,unlike, instead, rather than都表达了转折或者对比的意思。看到这些词我们就需要注意了,关系词的前后文一定出现了意义相反的信息,否则构不成转折对比。

  按照这种规律,在词汇题中,我们能依据上下文来推断词义,比如umbrageous这个词很多同学可能不认识。确实长得也比较高端。那我们来看看原文。

  Because they do not need sunlight to survive,parasitic plants are generally found in umbrageous areas rather than in areas exposed to direct sunlight.

  在umbrageous areas的后面,出现了一个rather than。如前所述前后一定出现相反意向。而area这个词是重复出现了,那么与后文直接暴露在阳光下意思相反的意思不就是有遮阴的shaded areas吗?所以这句话的意思是:由于不需要光照,寄生植物通常在有荫蔽的地方呗发现而不再阳光直射的地方被发现,非常通顺。于是这个题就迎刃而解啦。

  而在新托福阅读技巧中,推断题中,转折对比关系词也是往往是我们解题的关键线索。我们来看看这个题:

  Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?

  It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like.

  There were great numbers of them.

  They lived in the sea only.

  They did not leave many fossil remains.

  题目让我们推断关于sea otter的信息,那么原文哪里出现了sea otter呢?只有这一句。However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.虽然表面上看这句讨论主体是不容易...

与关系词相关的托福阅读

2016雅思听力中关系词详细解析

雅思听力关系词解析 雅思听力重点 雅思听力

  雅思听力想要获得高分,既要不断的练习,也要掌握一定的技巧与规律。出国留学网雅思栏目为大家带来“2016雅思听力中关系词详细解析”,希望大家能有所收获!

  一、 关系词的定义和分类

  关系词,即体现句子之间关系的词或词组。也有不少人称之为信号词,或者是连接词。不管在雅思(微博)听说读写四门中的任何一门都需要用到这类词,以使得句子更加流畅,句意更加明晰。分析认为,关系词可非分两大类:

  1. 同向关系词

  同向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向没有发生改变,只是根据前面的句意进一步延伸和细化。将其归纳为:

  举例关系词:for example, for instance, e.g., such as, like, take sth. for example

  类比关系词:like, alike, similar, same, as

  选择,并列和递进关系词:or, either…or, and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what’s more, furthermore, moreover (分号;)

  因果关系词:来源:小马过河的美女编辑们

  表示由引起的,后接原因的词或词组:because,because of, as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, result from, be attributed to, be contributed to, arise from, owing to, thanks to, in that

  表示导致,后接结果的词或者词组:    so, therefore, thus, as a result, as a consequence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate

  总结关系词:in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in sum, all in all, in brief

  2. 逆向关系词:

  逆向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向发生改变,前后句子意思形成相反关系。总结发现,这类词包含:

  否定关系词:not, none, no, never, non-, dis-, un-, in-, im-, -less, few, little, hardly, barely, seldom, neither…nor

  转折和让步关系词:but, however, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, in fact, actually, despite, in spite of, although, even though, though

  对比关系词:unlike,by contrast, in contrast, on the contrary, c...

与关系词相关的雅思听力

2016雅思听力考点:位置关系词

雅思听力考点 雅思听力知识点 雅思听力

  雅思听力想要获得高分,既要不断的练习,也要掌握一定的技巧与规律。出国留学网雅思栏目为大家带来“2016雅思听力考点:位置关系词”,希望大家能有所收获!

  问题一:地址都有怎样的出题规律?

  解决这个问题,我们要对常考的地址格式有最基本的了解,或许很多烤鸭并不陌生。通过仔细观察及总结,其实我们不难发现,常考的地址最多来自于英国和澳大利亚两个国家。

  对于英国和澳大利亚,我们有必要熟知它们的组成部分及常考的城市。

  英国(the UK)由四部分Northern Ireland, Wales, Scotland and England组成,常考的城市有Oxford, London, Bristol等参考C411,考察城市名称多数会给出拼写。

  澳大利亚常考的states: Queensland& New South Wales, 常考的城市有Adelaide, Sydney, Melbourne。我们大多对Adelaide阿德莱德不是很熟悉,但是雅思听力中多次出现,e.g.

  C431:Length of time in Australia: 1................

  此处考察的是在澳大利亚住了多久,答案出现的形式可以是2weeks, 2 months, or 2 years, etc.此处听力音频念的是a year in Adelaide and 6 months in Sydney,所以我们的答案是1.5 years, 澳大利亚分散成Adelaide& Sydney的出题方式。

  英国的地址:e.g.

  32 High Street---house No.+Street Name==>最常考察

  Oxford---City==>偶尔考察,经常给出拼写,参考C531

  OX3 9DB---Postcode==>比较常考

  澳大利亚地址:e.g.

  Flat 1,

  539 Forest Road

  Canterbury, 2036

  关于地址,笔者有几点要说明一下:

  其一,街道的不同表达方法,street, road, avenue, close, drive, lane, 前三个比较熟悉也最常考察,考生们应注意拼写。close指这条街不通往其他的路,我们也可以称之为“死胡同”;drive车道,曾经考过University Drive。

  其二,哪些词会比较容易充当街道名称呢?

  观察C431,C541不难发现,C431出现539 Forest Road,541出现14 Hill Road,以及2016年2月20日出现28 River Lane。所以我们有必要总结一下山、河、森林这些词,并且着重注意这些词的发音,有必要区分forest, first, fourth;hill, heel, heal, hell。我们知道hill的音标是[i], heel, heal音标为长音[i:], hell音标为[e],以及它们的合成词,当山、河、森林和side组在一起发生的化学反应,e.g. hillside, riverside, w...

与关系词相关的雅思听力

考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词

考研英语 考研英语完型填空 考研英语复习资料

  出国留学考研网为大家提供考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词,更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!

  考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词

  下面十种常见的逻辑关系词汇总,小伙伴们一定要牢牢记住,才能在日后做题的过程中一路畅通。

  因果关系

  because; for; since; as; therefore; consequently; hence; so; thus; so…that; such… that; in order that; accordingly(因此;于是;相应地); due to; thanks to; as a result; in that(= because); now that(既然); because of; considering that, seeing that; in response to; for this reason;

  转折关系

  but; however; on the contrary; contrarily; by contrast; in contrast; conversely; instead of ; rather than; unlike, on the other hand; unfortunately;

  让步关系

  although; though; even though; even; even if; nevertheless; despite; in spite of; while; as;King as he was, he was not happy.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Hard though/as he tried, he failed;

  对比关系

  while; whereas ; as; instead of; rather than; not…but;

  列举关系

  firstsecondlast of all; in the first placein the second placefinally; to begin with to continue; first…then; on one hand…on the other hand; for one thing…for another; one…another; some…others…still others;

  时间关系

  when; whenever, before; after; since; as; while; until; till; simultaneously; meanwhile; in the meantime, at the same time;

  距离关系

  such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them); among (these, those, them), to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namel...

与关系词相关的考研英语

雅思阅读之关系词及连词需熟记

雅思阅读词汇 雅思阅读词汇识记 雅思阅读

  阅读是雅思考试中非常重要的部分,很多考生阅读成绩不是很理想,在这方面考生们既要加强自己的词汇量和语法知识,同时也要掌握一定的技巧规律。出国留学网雅思栏目为大家带来“雅思阅读之关系词及连词需熟记”,希望大家能有所收获!

  这些易混关系词、连词需熟记:

  ①表示强调

  above all, as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, most important, obviously, to be sure, truly, undoubtedly, without doubt

  ②表示让步

  admittedly, after all, all the same, although, even so, in spite of, nevertheless

  ③表示举例

  a case in point, after all, as an proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate

  ④表示比较

  by comparison, equally, equally important, in comparison, in the same way, in the same manner, likewise, similarly

  ⑤表示增补

  additionally, along with, also, as well as, besides, equally, even, furthermore, in addition, just as, moreover, not only…but also…, what’s more

  ⑥表示结论

  as has been noted(mentioned, stated), at last, finally, in a word, all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in sum, in summary, to conclude, to sum up , to summarize.

  ⑦表示结果

  accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thus.

  ⑧表示转折

  although, but, despite, except for, though, however, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, though, yet.

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