分词作状语

　　在考研英语阅读中，长难句的结构分析一直是阅读理解中一个不容忽视的问题，盘根错节的从句和结构复杂的非谓语动词常常把我们搞得不知所措。其实，由于非谓语动词短语比起从句来说会使整个句子更为紧凑和简洁，所以文章中常常会用到非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词短语包括动名词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式，它们在句子中充当不同的句子成分，下文出国留学网【英语考试】频道就为大家整理了如何处理考研英语中分词作状语的情况。

　　一、表时间，可以和时间状语从句互换。

　　如：Studying in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.= When he studied in the university, he was very popular among his classmates. 读大学期间，他在同学中十分受欢迎。

　　Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. = When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到这些照片，她回忆起了自己的童年往事。

　　二、表原因，可以和原因状语从句互换。

　　如：Not knowing her address, I wasn‘t able to contact her. = Because I did not know her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我无法与她取得联系。

　　三、表条件，可以和条件状语从句互换。

　　如：Walking to work, you will save quite a lot of money.= If you walk to work, you will save quite a lot of money. 如果步行去上班，你可以节省不少钱。

　　四、表让步，可以和让步状语从句互换。

　　如：Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. = Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然战败了，但他依然是一为受欢迎的拳击手。

　　五、表方式

　　如：He earns a living driving a truck. 他开车谋生。

　　六、表伴随

　　如：Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job centre w...

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　　英语重要知识点：分词作状语

　　难点形成原因:

　　1. 对在句中作时间、条件、原因还是别的状语不是很清楚。

　　2.分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。

　　解决办法：

　　1.理解分词作状语时可以转换成相应的状语从句。

　　2.分清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。

　　用法讲解：

　　1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句;表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如：

　　Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语

　　Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语

　　Given time (=If he is given time), he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语

　　We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) 分词短语作伴随状语

　　2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如：

　　When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

　　Though tired, he still continued reading.

　　3. 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较。

　　不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。分词作状语通常可转换成一...

　　分词作状语结构

　　分词通常有现在分词和过去分词两种，他们在文中，不仅可以作为形用词，而且还能像副词短语那样，说明动词或表达某个整句要表达的概念。例如：Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimp die as the last of the water evaporates.然后，在确保其物种能生存下去之后，虾子就会随着最后一点水蒸发掉而死去。这个句子的having ensured that their species will survive相当于when或者是after，即分词短语可以用来做表示时间的状语部分。又如：Used economically, one bottle of kerosene will last for at least one month.用的节省的话，一瓶煤油至少可以用一个月。这时的分词又可以用来表示条件和原因。再如：Granting the achievement to be great, there is still something to be desired.即使成就是巨大的，仍有一些有待改进的地方。这时可见分词短语在这里又可以表示让步。此外分词做状语还可以表示伴随等情况。

　　此外，需要注意的是分词的两种用法和结构：

　　1)分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致，如果不一致，要用独立主格结构。如：All the money having been spent, they had to look for a part-time job.钱花光之后，他们不得不找零活干。

　　2)with+名词(或代词宾格)+分词(短语)作状语，表示伴随情况。

　　如：With oil expected to be scarce by the end of the century, the European Community has set aside 36 million dollars for hydrogen research over the past four years.预期本世纪末石油将紧缺，在过去四年里，欧洲共同体已储备了3,600万美元进行氢气的研究工作。

　　Then, maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway, with another mighty grunt Pete just heaved it forward and outward, and it smashed down against her little grassy-patched dirt back yard, the sounds of the crash and the iron cracking open sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying.

　　句子解析：maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway是现在分词短语作状语，表...

9.2 分词作状语 As I didn t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call. - Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. 由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了电话。 If more attention was given,

2011中考英语考前错题

中考即将来临，小编特别为大家整理了考前易错题，希望对大家有所帮助，22套错题本各种……[详细]

中考填报 考生会犯四点“常规错误”

9.2 分词作状语

As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.
-> Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.
由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了电话。
If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.
-> Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.
假如多给些照顾，那些树会长得更好。

典型例题
1）_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed
答案B. Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义。being followed除表达被动之外，还有动作正在进行之意。 followed by（被…跟随）。本题可改为：With some officials following, Napoleon inspected his army.

2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
答案B. 由于声音在闪电后，因此为声跟随着光，声音为跟随的发出者，为主动。用现在分词。

3）_______, liquids can be changed into gases.
A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat<...