句子剖析

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　　2020考研英语：经典长难句剖析四

　　【典型难句一】

　　Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

　　【结构剖析】

　　主干为Whorf came to believe linguistic determinism. Which 引导定语从句，指代 linguistic determinism .in its strongest form 插入语，that....and that....两个平行并列的从句作states的宾语。

　　【猜词技巧】

　　Prison指是监狱，前缀im-有这样几层含义：表否定;表相反;还可以表示“使成为，使处于...的境地”，使处于监狱的境地，那进行词义的转化，对于人而言是关押，对于思想而言是禁锢。

　　【翻译点拔】

　　in its strongest form直译是“以最强烈的形式”，进行语义的转化，即“以极端的形式”。

　　介词短语for the culture of a society为状语的成分，译时要提前。

　　【参考译文】

　　沃尔夫逐渐相信某种语言决定论，该理论最极端的形式声称，语言限制思想，并且，语言的语法结构可对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

　　【典型难句二】

　　When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however far fetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

　　【结构剖析】

　　主干为 it is advisable to find out...句首是When引导的时间状语从句，what引导从句作find out的宾语，for作为连词引导原因状语从句，其里面还嵌套了一个however引导的让步状语从句。

　　【翻译点拔】

　　For用作连词表原因，however表让步，等同于no matter how...译为“无论....”

　　【参考译文】

　　当艺术领域的一个新运动发展成某种流行时尚时，最好应该弄清这场运动倡导者的真正意图，因为，不管他...

　　1. The best estimates are that the temperatures will rise y 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US $5,000 billion.(剑5, Test 1 passage 3)

　　分析：本句主句为“The best estimates are that…”; “that the temperatures will rise y 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US $5,000 billion.”为that引导的表语从句，做are的表语; “causing considerable problems”为现在分词短语做伴随状语。

　　2. Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem, economic analysis clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.(剑5, Test 1 passage 3)

　　分析：本句中 “Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem”为介词短语作让步状语;其中“that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem”为that引导的同位语从句，做the intuition的同位语;“economic analysis clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.”为本句的主句，其中“it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.”为宾语从句，做show的宾语，引导词省略，it为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语。

　　3. It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible decisions for the future. (剑5, Test 1 passage 3)

　　分析：本句主句为“It is crucial that we l...