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2020考研英语：语法长难句之同位语从句句型结构用法
一、理论常识
同位语从句是对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句的结构一定是先行词加引导词加上从句的构成，that并不是唯一可以引导同位语从句的引导词，whether , why , who . 从句一定要具有完整的句子结构，主谓宾都必须齐全，引导词不充当任何成分。
常见先行词：
belief , fact , hope , idea , doubt , news , rumor , conclusion , evidence ,suggestion , problem , order , answer , decision , discovery , explanation , information , knowledge , law , opinion , truth , promise , report , thought , statement , rule , possibility .
二、试题举例
例句1：
Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them . (2010,46)
【重点词汇解析】distinctly，adv. 明显地;eat up 吃光、耗尽
【参考翻译】科学家急忙用一些明显站不住脚的证据去营救，证据内容是如果鸟类不能控制昆虫的话，他们会把我们吃光。
例句2：
But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the media . (2007,48)
【重点词汇解析】profoundly，adv. 深刻地;rest on 依靠、信赖
【参考翻译】但是新闻记者必须比普通公民更深刻的理解法律，这种观点基/依赖于新闻媒体对惯例和特殊责任的理解。
例句3：
Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states , large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of...