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2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示

考研英语 英语语法 考研英语语法复习

  考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示

  一、主从句谓语动词的时态

  (1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:

  主句 从句

  与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were (不分人称)/did

  与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done

  与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do

  如:

  If the doctor had been available, the child could not have died.

  There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.

  (2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念:

  主从句谓语动词所指时间不同,这叫做错综时间条件句,动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如:

  Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.

  (主句与现在事实相反,从句与过去事实相反)

  Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.

  (主句与现在事实相反,从句与过去事实相反)

  (3)识别事实和假设混合句:

  Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

  (句子前半部分为假设情况,而“父母病了”是事实)

  I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

  (前半部分为假设,后半部分是事实)

  二、名词性从句的虚拟形式

  名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉:

  (1)下列动词做谓语时,that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式:

  desire, advise, recommend, command, dir...

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

2021年考研英语:虚拟语气的运用技巧

考研英语 英语语法 考研英语语法从句

  考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2021年考研英语:虚拟语气的运用技巧”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2021年考研英语:虚拟语气的运用技巧

  一、 虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

  虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外,还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中,一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式,即现在、过去和将来。

  If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly

  by outlook, values, education, and class.(2001年 TEXT1)

  这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it;谓语动词有两个,分别是would open up...和look for...。

  这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时,主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。

  参考译文:如果它能注意这个问题的话,它就会拓展其雇员多样化项目,而目前的项目只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工,去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。

  二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

  虚拟语气除了用作状语从句中外,还可以用作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等名词性从中。

  第一, 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用

  当it作形式主语,后面用形容词作表语,即在it is + adj.这样的句型中,当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable,critical,crucial,desirable,essential,imperative,important,incredible,inevitable,necessary,recommend,strange,urgent等形容词时,主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气,如果是现在时,谓语动词用should/would +动词原形(should/would经常省略);如果是过去时,则用should/would + have done的形式。

  It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably,the retreat from predominance proved painful.

  这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。句首的It是形式主语,真正主语是that从句,该主语从句使用了虚拟语气should+完成时。(2000年 TEXT1)参考译文:随着其他国家日益富裕,美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免,从优势地位上退出愈发...

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

2020考研英语:虚拟语气的译法

考研英语 长句翻译 长句语法翻译

  考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:虚拟语气的译法”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2020考研英语:虚拟语气的译法

  虚拟的译法

  1. If he were here this evening, we would play cards.

  如果他今晚在这里的话,我们就玩牌。

  2. If I had known her address, I would have visited her last week.

  上周如果我知道她的地址的话,我就去拜访她了。

  3. Were she a boy, she would be happy.

  要是她是男孩的话,她会幸福的。

  4. Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract.

  要是你早些告诉我的话,我是不会签那份合同的。

  5. Coke town was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it.

  科克镇以前是由红色的砖建成的,确切点说,要不是由于烟雾和灰尘的话,它本应是红色的。

  6. They do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been, had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

  他们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人,如果在较好的环境下成长的话,会有多大才干。

  7 .If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. (2011)

  如果环境总是能够决定人的生活和前景,那么人性就不曾进步过。

  8. Those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times.

  那些名牌大学的毕业生能够很快地达到良好经济时期他们本该拥有的地位。

  9. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospi...

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

2020考研英语:虚拟语气表假设

考研英语 英语语法 英语的虚拟语气

  考研英语有许多题目组成,方便大家及时了解,下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:虚拟语气表假设”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2020考研英语:虚拟语气表假设

  虚拟语气表假设

  状语从句相当于汉语的“假如…” “要是…”等。

  请看一个句子:

  If she invites me tomorrow, I shall go to the party. 如果她明天邀请我参加聚会,我就去。

  这是个带条件从句的主从复合句,是直接的陈述语气,主句谓语动词用将来时,从句谓语动词用现在时代替将来时,表示能实现的动作。这句话说明说话人认为邀请的可能性较大。此句的条件是“只要她邀请我”,“去”这一动作就能实现。

  请把这句话与下面虚拟语气的带条件从句的主从复合句进行比较:

  1) If she invited me, I should go to the party. 假如她邀请我参加聚会,我就去。(说话人认为邀请的可能性较小或不可能。)

  这句话主句谓语动词用过去将来时,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,其含义是:

  She will probably not invite me, so I shall not go to the party. 她很可能不会邀请我参加聚会,所以我不会去。

  2) If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party. 假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会,我就去了。

  这句话主句谓语动词用“should + have + 过去分词”形式,从句用过去完成时,对过去发生的事情进行虚拟假设,表示与过去

  事实相反的情况,其含义是:

  She didn’t invite me yesterday, so I didn’t go to the party. 她昨天没有邀请我参加聚会,因此我没有去。

  3) If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party. 如果她明天邀请我参加聚会,我会去的。

  这句话主句谓语动词用过去将来时,从句谓语动词也用过去将来时,表示的意思是,“邀请我”的可能性较小,对将来要发生的情况表示怀疑。其含义是:

  It is unlikely that she will invite me tomorrow, so I shall not go to the party. 明天她不可能会邀请我,因此我不会去。

  从以上例句可以看出:虚拟语气的条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示怀疑,和直陈语气条件句的谓语动词形式以及所表达的含义完全不同。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词过去式、过去完成式、过去将来式等只表示不同的虚拟语气,与直陈语气句子的过去时、过去完成时等毫无关系,在学习时应注意加以区别,不要混淆。

  推荐阅读:

 

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

2018考研英语语法:三种虚拟语气

考研英语 考研英语语法 考研英语虚拟语气

  出国留学考研网为大家提供2018考研英语语法:三种虚拟语气,更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!

  2018考研英语语法:三种虚拟语气

  虚拟语气,是增加考研英语阅读难度的常见方式。所谓虚拟语气,其本质是一种非真实的条件从句,用来描述想象的、非真实的场景,或表达说话人的愿望、假想、建议等。不同情况下虚拟语气呈现不同特征,需要我们在现实中做到具体问题具体分析。下面为大家分析三种不同的虚拟语气:

  一、状语从句中的虚拟语气

  虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外,还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中,一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式,即现在、过去和将来。

  ▶If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.(如果它能注意这个问题的话,它就会拓展其雇员多样化项目,而目前的项目只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工,去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。)

  ▶解析:这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it;谓语动词有两个,分别是would open up...和look for... 这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时,主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。

  二、主语从句中的虚拟语气

  在it is + adj.这样的句型中,当描述主语的表语形容词是 advisable,critical,crucial,desirable,essential,imperative,important,incredible,inevitable,necessary,recommend,strange,urgent等形容词时,主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气,如果是现在时,谓语动词用should/would+动词原形(should/would经常省略);如果是过去时,则用should/would+have done的形式。

  ▶It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably,the retreat from predominance proved painful.(随着其他国家日益富裕,美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免,从优势地位上退出愈发痛苦不堪。)

  ▶解析:这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。句首的It是形式主语,真正主语是that从句,该主语从句使用了虚拟语气should+完成时。

  三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

  表示"建议、请求、命令、要求"等主...

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

考研英语虚拟语气详细解读

2014考研 英语 虚拟语气 复习
    专业硕士英语考试中,虚拟语气是重要的考查点,暑期复习中,专硕考生要格外重视。英语虚拟语气的复习指导如下:
 
  一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型:
 
  (1) 由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
 
  A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。
 
  B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。
 
  C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
 
  The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.
 
  --“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”
 
  --“That's all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”
 
  I wish that he weren't so lazy.
 
  (2) had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形,表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
 
  His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him,but his son became an artist later.
 
  (3) would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备。例如:
 
  I'd rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
 
  I would prefer he didn't stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
 
  I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
 
  (4) It's (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式,即动词要用过去式。
 
  It's time tha...

与考研英语虚拟语气相关的考研英语

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