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If you're ever reading a book or watching a movie and get the distinct feeling you've come across the story before – or even better, can predict exactly what's going to happen next –there could be a good reason for that.
Computer scientists have sifted through the language of more than 1,700 works of fiction and discovered that English literature consists of just six kinds of emotional arcs that make up nearly all of the most well-known stories.
While literary theorists have for centuries characterised and counted the basic plots and structures that writers use in stories, it's unlikely there's ever been such a rigorous scientific analysis of English fiction like this before.
Researchers from the Computational Story Laboratory at the University of Vermont mined the complete text of some 1,737 fiction works available on Project Gutenberg, an online collection of more than 50,000 digital books in the public domain. By analysing the sentiment of language used in chunks of text 10,000 words long in each of these texts, the researchers were able to register the emotional ups and downs for the stories as a whole. Negative words like "poverty", "dead", and "punishment" dragged the sentiment down, while positive terms like "love", "peace", and "friend" brought it ...