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语法考点各个掌握
by
1.表地点或趋向：路过，途经。如：
They came in by the back door.
2.表时间：不迟于、在……之前;乘着，在……时，类似when。如：
The train leaves at 6:00p.m. So I have to be at the station by 5:40p.m. at the latest.
It’s a special experience to visit the lake by night.
3.表程度。如：Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain by an inch.
The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200 . This means it has risen by 20 percent.
4.表方位，被接触身体的一部分，与冠词the连用，常与表“抓、握、击、打”类动词连用。如：He took her by the arm and led her across the street.
5.以……为单位计量，与定冠词the 连用，形成时间、长度、重量等副词短语。如： As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour.
6.表方式，强调使动对象，常用于被动语态中的动词后;使用某种手段或方法，使用某种交通工具等。如：No one helped me. I did it all by myself.
7.表原因，“由于……”常见于by accident(偶然)，by mistake (由于疏忽)等。如： We hadn’t planned to meet. We met by chance.
【考例1】-----Didn’t you have a good time at the party?
------Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _______ so quickly.
A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over (A)
【考例2】Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _______ an inch.
A. by B. at C. to D. from (A)
【考例3】-----When do we need to pay the balance?
------_________ September 30.
A. In B. By C. During D. With (B)
【考例4】 A great man shows his greatness _____ the way he treats little man.
A. under B. with C. on D. by (D)
【考例5】 If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.(08北京卷，33)
A. for B. by C. across D. out (B)
2013高考英语试题分类小结篇：状语从句
2013高考英语试题分类小结篇：动词的时态和语态
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