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2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(22)
All sorts of firms are changing their inputs and processes and designing products that spare the environment, while helping suppliers do the same. IKEA, a Swedish retailer, will have invested or committed to invest &euro1.5 billion ($1.7 billion) in wind and solar power by the end of 2016, and the firm and its charitable foundation have just pledged a further &euro1 billion to developing renewable energy and to helping people in places affected by climate change. Firms say that besides savings from great erenergy efficiency they gain less quantifiable benefits from an enhanced reputation, a motivated workforce and the like. But big, disruptive investments in new energy sources or industrial techniques may take years to justify their costs, if they ever do. Is greenery paying off?
The IKEA Company is mentioned to show that________
(A) it is crucial to invest in disruptiveand motivated workforce.
(B) the company can earn much from the enhanced reputation.
(C) the firms have made their producing method more sustainable.
(D) it is hard to tell the greenery ispaying off or not in years to come.
一、长难句解析
All sorts of firms are changing theirinputs and processes and designing products that spare the environment, whilehelping suppliers do the same.
各种类型的公司都在改变他们物料投入以及加工方式(inputs and processes)，在产品设计上也更有利于环境。(spare the environment放过环境：对环境有利)，同时也在帮助供应商做同样的事情。
IKEA, a Swedish retailer, will haveinvested or committed to invest &euro1.5 billion ($1.7 billion) in wind and solarpower by the end of 2015, and the firm and its charitable foundation have justpledged a further &euro1 billion to developing renewable energy and to helpingpeople in places affected by climate change.
宜家家居，一家瑞典的零售商，将在2015年底前投入或承诺投入15亿欧元(17亿美金)在风能或者太阳能上，公司和其慈善基金会也承诺(pledge)继续在可更新能源方面投入10亿欧元以帮助那些受气候影响的地区的人们。
Firms say that besides savings from greaterenergy efficiency they gain less quantifiable(难以量化的，无形的) benefitsfrom an enhanced reputation, a motivated workforce and the like.
公司说除开能从更有效的能源利用中获得收益之外，还能获得如更好的声誉，更有活力的员工等无形的收益。
But big, disruptive investments in newenergy sources or industrial techniques may take years to justify their costs,if they ever do. Is greenery paying off?
但是如果这些公司即使这样做了，在新能源和工业技术方面大额的甚至是颠覆性的投资需要好些年才能被证明是合理的。在“绿色”上的投资会有回报吗?
The IKEA Company is mentioned to show that________
(A) it is crucial to invest in disruptiveand motivated workforce.
(B) the company can earn much from theenhanced reputation.
(C) the firms have made their producingmethod more sustainable.
(D) it is hard to tell the greenery is paying off or not in years to come.
例证题的错误都是定位错误!!!
A和B就是我自己从例子中的词汇胡乱拼凑的，当然上当的人也少。
矛盾还是集中在C和D这两个选项上：
选C就是定位到了第一句(或者自己读例子，读的比较懂，然后觉得C是正确的，但是我不建议大家这样做，因为一个例子可以说明很多结论，而且这些结论都可能是合理的。作者当然只想说明其中的一个结论。你这次得出的结论可能和作者的结论一致，但不能保证每次你都一致吧。所以最安全的办法还是要从原文中直接寻找对应的结论。)
选D的同学定位到了最后一句
你仔细看下译文你就知道了，倒数第二句开头就是but
结论1+例子But 结论2
这个时候例子肯定是说明结论1的啊。
你就是读例子本身也可以知道不能说明D的结论啊!
记住：例证题的错误都是定位错误!!!
2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(21)
Glass’s aim when founding the Fed was to avoid giving too much economic power to Washington bureaucrats. The regional banks would be like the states, while the board of governors would be like Congress. To placate bankers who wanted the government to stay out of their business, banks would themselves capitalize each regional Fed and appoint two thirds of its directors.
一、参考译文
当成立美联储时，格拉斯的目的是为了避免将太多的经济权力交给华盛顿的官僚。区域银行将像美国各州，而董事会则像国会。为了安抚那些希望政府不插手的银行家们，银行将自己投资每个区域的美联储并任命其中三分之二的董事。
2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(20)
This, optimists claim, will extend life for many people to today’s ceiling of 120 or so. But it may be just the beginning. In the next phase not just average life spans but maximum life spans will rise. If a body part wears out, it will be repaired or replaced altogether. DNA will be optimized for long life. Add in anti-ageing drugs, and centenarians will become two a penny.
What can be inferred from this paragraph ?
A. The use of anti-ageing drugs will greatly increase the number of centenarians.
B. Altered DNA for long life could account for the emerging of centenarians.
C. Life of the optimists will be usually extended to break the limit.
D. The replacement of body parts may account for the emerging of centenarians.
一、长难句解析
This, optimists claim, will extend life for many people to today’s ceiling of 120 or so. But it may be just the beginning. In the next phase not just average life spans but maximum life spans will rise. If a body part wears out, it will be repaired or replaced altogether. DNA will be optimized for long life. Add in anti-ageing drugs, and centenarians will become two a penny.
二、参考译文
一些乐观的人说，这会使很多人的寿命延长到如今的寿命上限，即120岁左右。但这大概还只是个开始。到下一阶段，不止平均寿命，最长寿命也会延长。如果身体的某一部分耗损了，可以修复或者替换。DNA将被优化，生命更长。再加上抗衰老药物的作用，满大街都将会是百岁老人。
2. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. The use of anti-ageing drugs will greatly increase the number of centenarians.
B. Altered DNA for long life could account for the emerging of centenarians.
C. Life of the optimists will be usually extended to break the limit.
D. The replacement of body parts may account for the emerging of centenarians.
答案A
推断题
KK三步法：
K1 定位
本段所有句子都是线索句：
A. The use of anti-ageing drugs will greatly increase the number of centenarians.
对应最后一句：
Add in anti-ageing drugs, and centenarians will become two a penny.
再加上抗衰老药物的作用，满大街都将会是百岁老人。
重点是短语：two a penny 常见!
例句：Leggy blondes are two a penny in Hollywood..
在好莱坞，长腿金发美女遍地都是。
所以A是正确答案
B和D的错误都是the emerging of centenarians 百岁老人的出现不是出现!是增加!有may也不对!
C. Life of the optimists will be usually extended to break the limit.
这是对第一句的偷换
第一句的意思是：This, optimists claim, will extend life for many people to today’s ceiling of 120 or so. 一些乐观的人说，这会使很多人的寿命延长到如今的寿命上限，即120岁左右。
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