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2021考研英语：翻译口诀精析(四)
一、定语从句翻译法
1)合译法:把定语从句放在被修饰的词语之前，从而将英语复合句翻译成汉语单句。
Eg:
Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive U.S. aid.国会公布了关于接受美国援助的105个国家的人权情况调查报告。
2)分译法:根据定语从句的不同情况，我们可以将其翻译成并列分句、其它从句或独立句等。
Eg:
Anyone who stops absorbing new knowledge is certain to lag behind.任何人如果停止吸取新知识，就肯定会落后。(译为条件状语从句)
The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats.罢工会使远洋航船不能靠岸，因为他们需要拖船的帮助。(译成原因状语从句)
A geological prospecting engineer who had made a spectral analysis of ores discovered a new open-cut coalmine.一位地质勘探工程师对光谱进行了分析之后,发现了新的露天煤矿。(译为时间状语结构)
The delivery of public services has tended to be an area where we decorate an obsolete process with technology.公共服务的提供方式已趋陈旧，这正是我们必须采用技术加以装备的领域。(译为并列分句)
We now live in a very new economy, a service economy, where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.现在我们正生活于一种全新的经济，即服务性经济中，各种关系越来越比物质产品更为重要。(译为并列分句)
二、主语从句翻译法
1)以that, what, who, where, whatever等代词引导的主语从句，可以将从句翻译成“的”字结构。
Eg: It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科学技术搞上去。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.凡是犯法的人都要受到法律的制裁。(主语从句与主句合译成简单句，按顺序译出)
2)也...